Music Theory Alchemy

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The song ‘Today’ by The Smashing Pumpkins is a classic example of mixing major and minor modes in rock music. The majority of the song is modal, centered around D major and B minor. However, the bridge section changes gears and revolves around E minor.

“Perfect” by The Smashing Pumpkins is written in the key of D major. The song takes a relatively standard and common approach in chord progression, particularly with the cyclical variations that have the onset within a classic pop/rock realm. The tonality and mid-tempo pacing give the song a melancholic and nostalgic tone.

“Viva La Vida” by Coldplay is a pop song that sits primarily in the key of G major, featuring four common chords: C Major, D Major, G Major, and E minor. The song’s simplicity lies in the consistent use of these chords, which creates a consistent harmony throughout the song.

This iconic Britpop song predominantly features the use of traditional tonal harmony found in pop songs throughout the late 20th century, and the verse specifically recalls the harmonic patterns utilized in the 1950s and 60s. The defining feature of this song (as is the case with many Oasis tunes) is the use of returning, resounding repetitions of simple chord sequences.

“Buddy Holly” is a song by Weezer with an upbeat, pop-rock feel. It exists in the key of A major and showcases a recurring chord progression in its verse consisting of F#m, E/G#, and A.

The Smashing Pumpkins – Today – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

[‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’]

Chord Progression Analysis

The verse repeats the three-chord progression of Em-G-B. Here are the chord names and their roman numerals:

Em (i)
G (III)
B (V)

E minor is the ‘i’ as it’s the tonic chord in an E minor scale. G major, being the major third of E minor is ‘III’. And B major is the 5th note in the E minor scale, so it is a ‘V’ chord but expected to be minor in a minor scale. Hence, it is a borrowed chord from E major scale.

“`Chord: Em, Roman Numeral: i
Chord: G, Roman Numeral: III
Chord: B, Roman Numeral: V (borrowed chord from E major scale)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

The Pixies’ song “Where Is My Mind” uses a similar chord progression.

Chords are E – G# – C#m – G# (i – III – vi – III in E major)

Another song is “Under the Bridge” by Red Hot Chili Peppers.

Chords: E – B – C#m – G#m – A – E – B (I – V – vi – iii – IV – I – V)

Musical Analysis

Typically, a song in a minor key will have a minor v chord, but here it is a major V (B Major), which is a common substitution and this introduces more musical tension and brightness than a B minor would, setting up the return to Em. This V-i movement creates a strong resolution, helping sustain interest in the repeated progression. Meanwhile, the III chord (G major) acts as a mediator between i and V, giving a sense of ascension and dynamic uplift.

Overall Analysis

“Today” by The Smashing Pumpkins, was released in 1993 on their second album, “Siamese Dream.” The song is classic-’90s alternative rock with its layered guitars and emotionally raw lyrics. key is “E minor.”

Style Analysis

As part of the grunge and alt-rock scenes, The Smashing Pumpkins often used unusual or unconventional chord progressions in their songs. The use of the major V chord in a minor key is both surprising and yet natural sounding, and it showcases their versatility and willingness to bend the rules of tradition rock songwriting.

Chords in the Verse 1 section of Today by The Smashing Pumpkins are:

[‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’]