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Related Music Theory Alchemy

The song “Yesterday” by The Beatles is in the key of F major and spans chord I to VI. It is characterized by a deeply expressive melody and distinctive harmony. The chord progression seems simple, yet it makes full use of secondary dominants, borrowed chords, and subtly shifting tonal centers for narrative, which is a trademark of The Beatles’s songwriting style.

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“Blackbird” by The Beatles is a song mostly in the key of G Major. It’s known for its interesting guitar work and unconventional chord progression. The song employs a mix of functional and non-functional harmony, striking a balance between traditional diatonic harmony and more experimental harmonic ideas. The chord progression also includes several chromatic or borrowed chords (Cm, Dbdim, D# (b5), C#dim, and Ebaug).

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“Set Fire To The Rain” is a song that largely follows the conventions of pop music, with its simple and repetitive chord progressions echoing those in many similar genres. The chord progression observed in the Outro is primarily a combination of minor and major chords that provide a melancholic and intense undertone to the song’s overall theme. The song is in the key of A minor and the chord progression in the Outro starts on the key’s root chord (‘Am’).

The outro of “Heart Is A Drum” by Beck features a non-diatonic chord progression that includes a mixture of major, minor, and suspended chords. This chord progression results in a sense of longing and unresolved tension that is appropriate for an outro section. Additionally, the progression includes a borrowed chord, the Eb6sus2, which is borrowed from the parallel minor key and contributes to the unique, emotional quality of the song.

“Somewhere Only We Know” by Keane is a softly and tenderly written song that rests primarily on the key of C Major. However, it uses a fair amount of borrowed chords from the parallel minor key, giving it a warm, melancholic tone, which is typical of many pop ballads.

The Beatles – Yesterday – Outro

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Chord Progression

[‘Dm’, ‘G7’, ‘Bb’, ‘F’, ‘F’]

Chord Progression Analysis

In the context of the key of F Major:

1. D minor: Dm (‘vi)
2. G Dominant 7: G7 (‘V7)
3. B-flat Major: Bb (‘IV)
4. F Major: F (‘I)

“Dm – G7 – Bb – F – F”

Similar Chord Progressions

“Ain’t No Sunshine” by Bill Withers, another melancholic pop song, follows a similar chord progression:

Dm – E7 – Am – Am

This song, while in the key of Am, employs the relative major’s (C Major) Dominant 7th and similar to Yesterday, makes use of the relative minor at the start of the progression.

Musical Analysis

This progression begins with the relative minor (Dm), which sets a somewhat melancholic tone, typically associated with the minor key. This melancholy is made more complex moving to the dominant 7th (G7), which introduces slight tension due to the tritone interval between the 3rd and the 7th of the chord. This tension is then briefly released with a move to Bb, the subdominant of the key. This release is made final with the move to the tonic F major. The final tonic is repeated twice to emphasize stability.

Overall Analysis

“Yesterday” by The Beatles is a classic Pop song in F Major maintaining a 2/2 time signature. The song changes the chords frequently to create a rich harmonic texture, and is known for its iconic descending guitar melody.

Style Analysis

“Yesterday” is noted for its melancholic mood, primarily established through its chord progression that begins on the relative minor. Although in a major key, the song turns to minor and dominant 7th chords for a more complex harmonic narrative. Authorial traits of The Beatles manifest in this song with the frequent use of the sub-dominant chord, Bb, often employed to create a sense of conclusion and tranquillity.

Chords in the Outro section of Yesterday by The Beatles are:

[‘Dm’, ‘G7’, ‘Bb’, ‘F’, ‘F’]