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Related Music Theory Alchemy

The second guitar solo in “Comfortably Numb” by Pink Floyd is based on a simple five-chord progression, spanning two diatonic tonalities (i.e., B minor and G major). This progression heavily relies on the B Aeolian mode (or natural minor scale) and showcases the band’s affinity for modal interchange and progressive rock elements.

“Goodbye Blue Sky” is a song by Pink Floyd from their 1979 album “The Wall.” It is a progressive rock piece with acoustic guitar and vocal harmony that creates a haunting and atmospheric sound. The chord progression in Verse 2 demonstrates the use of non-diatonic chords, pedal tones, and borrowed chords, giving it a sense of tension and release. This unique combination of chords contributes to the overall distinctive mood of the song.

“Goodbye Yellow Brick Road,” written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin, is characterized by a lush, cinematic melody that encapsulates John’s knack for crafting pop ballad choruses. Its base key is D Major, showcasing a mix of diatonic, dominant seventh, and borrowed chords. Its diverse chord progression is reflective of Elton John’s diverse influences, which include pop, rock, blues, and classical music.

As this song has a distinct classical rock sound, you’ll see a mixture of major and minor chords. The progression is in the key of E major. The use of seventh chords and suspended chords provides a dense harmonic texture.

“Penny Lane,” written by the Beatles, utilizes key changes and borrowed chords to create an interesting and complex tonal palette. The song is best understood to primarily be in the key of A Major; however, it frequently borrows chords from the parallel minor key, uses unexpected dominant chords, and briefly modulates to other key areas for color and variety. This is characteristic of several Beatles songs, and it’s one of the ways they added complexity to their music while still remaining accessible.

Pink Floyd – Comfortably Numb – Chorus

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Chord Progression

D, A, D, A, G/B, C, G, G/B, C, G, D, A, D, A, G/B, C, G, G/B, C, G, Asus4, A, G/B, Cadd9, G, D

Chord Progression Analysis

D Major (I), A Major (V), D Major (I), A Major (V), G/B (IV6), C Major (bVII), G Major (IV), G/B (IV6), C Major (bVII), G Major (IV), D Major (I), A Major (V), D Major (I), A Major (V), G/B (IV6), C Major (bVII), G Major (IV), G/B (IV6), C Major (bVII), G Major (IV), A sus4 (V sus4), A Major (V), G/B (IV6), Cadd9 (bVII add9), G Major (IV), D Major (I)

`Borrowed Chords: bVII (C Major)`

Similar Chord Progressions

1. The Beatles – “Let It Be”
Chord progression: C Major (I), G Major (V), A minor (vi), F Major (IV), C Major (I), G Major (V), F Major (IV), C Major (I)

2. Oasis – “Wonderwall”
Chord progression: E minor7 (vi7), G Major (I), D sus4 (IV sus4), A7 sus4 (V7 sus4), E minor7 (vi7), G Major (I), D sus4 (IV sus4), A7 sus4 (V7 sus4)

3. Radiohead – “Karma Police”
Chord progression: A minor (i), A minor/F# (i7), A minor/F (i6), E minor (iv), D Major (VII), G Major (VI), C Major (III), B Major (II), A minor (i)

Musical Analysis

The chorus predominantly features a repetition of the I-V progression between D Major and A Major, which provides a strong foundation for the overall harmonic structure. The borrowed chord from the parallel minor, bVII (C Major), is introduced alongside the IV (G Major) and IV6 (G/B) chords, adding contrast and a subtle touch of unease to the soothing progression. The use of the A sus4 transitioning into the A Major chord further enhances the harmonic interest.

Overall Analysis

The chorus of Pink Floyd’s “Comfortably Numb” is a perfect example of their signature sound, combining both rock and progressive elements. The harmonic structure is simple yet effective, providing a sense of resolution and stability throughout the progression. This, combined with the smooth melodic lines, gives listeners a feeling of being “comfortably numb.”

Style Analysis

“Comfortably Numb” seamlessly fuses rock with progressive elements, a hallmark of Pink Floyd’s music. The chord progression is relatively simple, yet the inclusion of the borrowed chord and suspended chord adds depth and complexity. David Gilmour’s distinctive guitar work and solos elevate the track, giving it an ethereal and timeless quality.

Chords in the Chorus section of Comfortably Numb by Pink Floyd are:

D, A, D, A, G/B, C, G, G/B, C, G, D, A, D, A, G/B, C, G, G/B, C, G, Asus4, A, G/B, Cadd9, G, D