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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Hey Jude,” by The Beatles, is an iconic song. The chord progression is in the key of D major and it follows a sort of Variation on I-V-IV-I progression of many pop and rock songs. However, what makes this song extremely unique is its out-of-the-box structure and the experimental use of borrowed cords – it shows The Beatles’ fondness for combining elements of pop, rock and classical music and results in an emotional, powerful progression that resonates strongly with listeners.

“I Am The Walrus” is a composition by The Beatles that showcases a variety of chord progressions, rhythmic sensibilities, and melodic explorations that are representative of their signature sound. The song’s structure presents a complex and unorthodox harmonic design that is characteristic of The Beatles’ later experimental phase.

The pre-chorus 1 [‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘Dadd9/F#’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘F’, ‘B7’] presents a series of descending bass notes provided by the root movement of these chords- from A to G (in ‘A/G’) to F# (in ‘Dadd9/F#’) and then repeated. This technique significantly enhances the melodic content of this progression. From a stylistic perspective, the song’s chord progression is enriched by the functional interplay of diatonic and non-diatonic elements over a changing tonal landscape.

The chorus from Jeff Buckley’s rendition of “Hallelujah” in the key of C major beautifully demonstrates a diverse range of chords and harmonic techniques. The chord progression incorporates diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and some unexpected harmonic twists, all of which work together to create a sense of emotional depth and tension throughout the chorus.

The chorus of Taylor Swift’s “Anti-Hero” utilizes a chord progression that elevates the song’s emotional resonance, serving as a climactic counterpart to the reflective verses. This section combines lush harmonies with straightforward pop sensibilities, creating a poignant and memorable musical moment that aligns with the song’s thematic exploration of self-awareness and complexity.

“The song When Doves Cry” by Prince features a very distinctive chord progression in its chorus section. Technically the song is written in a minor key, but the progression tends to flow in a way that feels almost like a major key at times. This is a common characteristic of many Prince songs, signifying the unique and innovative style of the artist.

The Beatles – Hey Jude – Chorus

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Chord Progression

[‘D7’, ‘G’, ‘Bm’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘D’, ‘D7’, ‘G’, ‘Bm’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘D’]

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
D Dominant 7th (V7 of IV), G
major (IV),
B minor (vi),
E minor (ii),
G major (IV),
A dominant 7th (V7),
D major (I),
D dominant 7th (V7 of IV),
G major (IV),
B minor (vi),
E minor (ii),
G major (IV),
A dominant 7th (V7),
D major (I)
“`

Borrowed chords: [‘D7’, ‘A7’]

Similar Chord Progressions

The Rolling Stones’ anthem “You Can’t Always Get What You Want” deploys a similar progression.
Chords: [‘C’, ‘F’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘D’]
“`
C Major (I),
F Major (IV),
D minor (ii),
G major (V),
C Major (I),
C Major (I),
F Major (IV),
D minor (ii)
“`

Brian Wilson’s “God Only Knows” from the Beach Boys also uses this technique of mixing major and minor keys.
Chords: [‘A’, ‘F#m’, ‘Bm’, ‘G’, ‘Gm’, ‘D’, ‘E7’, ‘A’]
“`
A Major (I),
F# minor (vi),
B minor (ii),
G Major (IV of IV, borrowed chord),
G minor (iv of IV, borrowed chord),
D Major (IV), E dominant 7th (V7),
A Major (I)
“`
Borrowed Chords: [‘G’, ‘Gm’]

Musical Analysis

Notably, the tune frequently switches to the IV (four) chord of G major and the V7 (five-seven) of A dominant 7th, creating a unique major/minor interplay, common in many rock and folk songs.

Overall Analysis

“Hey Jude” goes through a clear progression, switching through the keys of D major, A major and G major. Like many Beatles songs, it cleverly varies between these keys in keeping with the melody and mood of the piece. The complexity of this progression is part of the song’s charm and helps exemplifies the band’s creative approach to composition.

Style Analysis

“Hey Jude” is known for its anthemic, singalong style, bolstered by the repetitive but emotionally resonant chord progression. The progression’s simple repetition and strong resolution (from the V7 to the I) lends the song a hopeful, uplifting atmosphere.

Chords in the Chorus section of Hey Jude by The Beatles are:

[‘D7’, ‘G’, ‘Bm’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘D’, ‘D7’, ‘G’, ‘Bm’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘D’]