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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Bullet With Butterfly Wings” by The Smashing Pumpkins is an alternative rock song released in 1995. The song is in the key of E minor and primarily uses power chords derived from the E minor scale throughout the song. Power chords or ‘5’ chords, like B5 or G5, don’t have a major or minor quality and are often used in rock music for their strong and neutral sound. The song also applies modal mixture (borrowing chords from parallel keys) for color and tension.

“Tonight, Tonight” by The Smashing Pumpkins draws from the band’s unique style of alternative rock influenced by a distinct palette of harmonic choices. Particularly in the songwriting of Billy Corgan (the band’s primary songwriter), the band tends to use a mix of common and uncommon chords, together with a tendency of exploring different tonalities. Often, the chord changes are driven by guitar inversions, suspensions, or additions.

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“Somebody To Love” by Queen is a classic rock ballad in the key of G major, drawing heavily from influences of gospel music and blues progressions. Its bridge, aside from the characteristic gospel and rock elements, includes a modulating progression that is particularly interesting due to its use of borrowed chords, which adds contrast and emphasizes the emotive quality of the song.

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The chord progression from the bridge of Weezer’s “Buddy Holly” is in the key of A major. The progression presents a strong sense of tonality and features common rock/pop techniques, such as diatonic chord progressions, inversions, and the use of the minor subdominant.

“Good Vibrations” by The Beach Boys is highly complex and represents an exceptional use of harmonic structuring. The richness of the piece lies in Brian Wilson’s innovative and unpredictable songwriting, who was making significant use of modulation at the time, constantly shifting keys, in this case especially during the transition bridge.

The Smashing Pumpkins – Bullet With Butterfly Wings – Bridge

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Chord Progression

[‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’]

Chord Progression Analysis

Let’s analyze the chords in the Bridge and identify them using Roman numerals. The song is in the key of E minor, so that will be our point of reference.

Em (i), G5 (♭III), F#5 (ii), E (I), F#5 (ii), A5 (IV), repeat four times

Similar Chord Progressions

1. “Smells Like Teen Spirit” by Nirvana also uses simple power chord progressions in E minor to invoke ambiguity and dissonance.
2. “Karma Police” by Radiohead uses power chords that don’t clearly state a major or minor tonality, while their transition from major to minor chords echoes the Smashing Pumpkins’ tonal shifts.
3. “Under The Bridge” by Red Hot Chili Peppers can be similarly analyzed, though it relies more on clear major and minor chords for its melancholic tone.

Here’s the chord progression for “Smells Like Teen Spirit”: [‘E5’, ‘B5’, ‘G5’, ‘C5’], or in terms of Roman numerals: E5 (i), B5 (v), G5 (♭III), C5 (♭VI).

Musical Analysis

The song uses a mix of major and minor chords (and power chords, which are neither major nor minor), contributing to a tense and unstable feeling, characteristic of much of The Smashing Pumpkins’ music.

The use of power chords (a root note and a perfect fifth with no third) also adds to this mix of “unresolved” feelings; they are neither major nor minor and hence do not have a clear emotional tone, which matches the song’s theme of frustration and confusion.

Overall Analysis

“Bullet With Butterfly Wings” by The Smashing Pumpkins is a rock song that alternates between heavy distortion and calm sections. Interestingly, the song is mostly in E minor, but uses a lot of power chords (5th chords) and sus2 chords which give the song a distinctively undecided, floating feeling, as these chords don’t have a clear major or minor character. The song uses a rather straightforward progression with a few deviations and embellishments which provide tension and release.

Style Analysis

“Bullet With Butterfly Wings” features several hallmarks of the 1990s alternative grunge-rock style – including distorted guitars, power chords, and a vocal line that rises and falls in intensity echoing the lyrical themes. The song also showcases Smashing Pumpkins’ signature style, which includes Corgan’s nasally vocals, heavy use of distortion, and high-octane choruses contrasted with quieter verses.

Chords in the Bridge section of Bullet With Butterfly Wings by The Smashing Pumpkins are:

[‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’, ‘E’, ‘F#5’, ‘A5’, ‘Em’, ‘G5’, ‘F#5’]