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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Heartbreaker” by The Rolling Stones is a rock song that exhibits some fundamental rock and blues progressions and chord changes. The chorus of the song is a three-chord progression [E, G, C] that repeats four times.

The Rolling Stones’ “As Tears Go By” is primarily in the key of G major and follows a Verse-Verse-Verse-Outro structure. The harmony is relatively simple, incorporating primarily diatonic chords from the G major scale as well as a few borrowed chords and inversions.

Chord Progression Analysis (Outro):
G Major (I) – A Major (V/vi, borrowed from E minor) – C Major (IV) – D Major (V) – G Major (I)

The song “Hurt” by Nine Inch Nails is in the key of B minor. The verse has a simple yet effective chord progression that revolves mainly around the i, III, and IV chords with a slight deviation towards the end. The chorus is characterized by a i-VII-III-VI progression with a slight extension. The outro mostly repeats the verse progression but is shorter.

The verse of Taylor Swift’s “ME!” features a chord progression that is archetypal for upbeat pop music, echoing themes of brightness and positivity. This progression harnesses straightforward harmonic movement to support the song’s enthusiastic vibe, making it highly effective for conveying the song’s message of self-love and confidence.

The chord progression in the verse of “Help!” by The Beatles is quite characteristic of their style, using common chords but in interesting and unusual ways. The verse of “Help!” notably presents a mix of classic pop chord progression (I-vi-ii-V), secondary dominant chords and chromatic progressions. The Beatles often incorporated novel harmonic structures that added depth and complexity to their pop music, as evidenced in this piece.

The Rolling Stones – Heartbreaker – Verse

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Chord Progression

[‘Em7’, ‘Am7’, ‘Em7’, ‘Em7’, ‘Am7’, ‘Em7’]

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
Em7 (‘i7’),
Am7 (‘iv7’),
Em7 (‘i7’),
Em7 (‘i7’),
Am7 (‘iv7’),
Em7 (‘i7’),
E (‘I’),
G (‘bIII’),
C (‘bVI’),
E (‘I’),
E (‘I’),
G (‘bIII’),
C (‘bVI’),
E (‘I’),
E (‘I’),
G (‘bIII’),
C (‘bVI’),
E (‘I’).
“`
Borrowed Chords:
“`
G (‘bIII’), C (‘bVI’)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

The Em- Am progression of the verse is common in many rock and pop songs. However, the chorus borrowing chords from the parallel major key is a technique known as modal interchange and has been used in various songs and genres. Some examples:

“Creep” by Radiohead
“`
Em (‘i’) – Cmaj (‘VIMaj’) – G (‘III’)- G (‘III’)
“`

“Hallelujah” by Leonard Cohen:
“`
Em (‘i’), G (‘III’), Em (‘i’), Em (‘i’)
“`

Both songs use a similar transition from the minor i to the major III, providing an unexpected lift to the music.

Musical Analysis

The verse of the song begins with an Em7 chord, which is the tonic or home chord in the key of E minor. This is followed by an Am7, which is the subdominant chord. The cycle of tonic-subdominant creates a sense of musical tension and resolution.

The introduction of the major E chord in the chorus is a surprising yet effective transition, providing a bright and uplifting contrast to the dark, moody verses. The G and C chords, which are borrowed from the parallel major key, serve to extend this uplifting feel.

The consistent use of seventh chords throughout the track also adds depth to the song and reinforces its bluesy, rock vibe.

Overall Analysis

“Heartbreaker” by The Rolling Stones is a classic rock song that utilizes a chord progression that is stereotypical of the genre. The verse and chorus unfold in the key of E minor, with the verse using primarily a cycle of Em7 and Am7. In terms of musical mood and expressivity, the progression conveys a melancholic yet energetic feeling, which is characteristic of the rock genre.

Style Analysis

The Rolling Stones frequently infused their rock sound with elements of the blues, and “Heartbreaker” is no exception. The blues influence is apparent in their use of seventh chords and the bIII and bVI borrowed chords which are common in blues music.

The call-and-response style between the lead guitar and vocals, as well as the use of a rhythmic, driving bassline, are also quintessential features of The Rolling Stones’ style.

Chords in the Verse section of Heartbreaker by The Rolling Stones are:

[‘Em7’, ‘Am7’, ‘Em7’, ‘Em7’, ‘Am7’, ‘Em7’]