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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Penny Lane” by The Beatles is an eclectic and elegant piece of music evident in its rhythm, harmony, melody, and lyrics. It is predominantly in the key of A Major, but it has several key changes and introduces chords that are non-diatonic, giving it a progressive and unexpected feel.

“Weekend Wars” by MGMT features a distinctive and slightly unconventional chord progression. The verse is in D minor and consists of 22 chords, providing a unique and somewhat complex harmonic landscape. The majority of the chords used are diatonic, but there are also borrowed chords and other non-diatonic chords which contribute to the song’s unique character.

Chord Progression:
Dm (i), C (VII), G (IV), C (VII), G (IV), F (III), Dm (i), C (VII), F (III), Am (v), F (III), Dm (i), C (VII), G (IV), C (VII), G (IV), F (III), Dm (i), C (VII), F (III), Am (v), F (III)

Dm – D minor
C – C major
G – G major (borrowed chord)
F – F major
Am – A minor

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“I Sat By The Ocean” by Queens of the Stone Age employs multiple chords which creates a complex and engaging harmony in the verse. The song is in the key G# major and it uses multiple borrowed chords from other keys. It’s worth noting that Queens of the Stone Age has a distinct sound that incorporates elements of stoner rock, heavy metal, and alternative rock into their material. Sizeable use of power chords that gives the song its heavy rock feel.

The Beatles – All You Need Is Love – Verse

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Chord Progression

[‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘D’, ‘D7’, ‘D6’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘D’, ‘D7’, ‘D6’, ‘D’]

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
– G Major (I)
– D Major (V)
– E minor (vi)
– G Major (I)
– D Major (V)
– E minor (vi)
– A minor (ii from borrowed G Mixolydian scale)
– G Major (I)
– D Major (V)
– D Major (V)
– D7 (V7 from borrowed D Mixolydian scale)
– D6 (V6 from borrowed D Mixolydian scale)
– D Major (V)
“`

Chord Progression:
“`
I – V – vi – I – V – vi – ii* – I – V – V – V7* – V6* – V
“`
(* indicates borrowed chords)

Similar Chord Progressions

“The Stones – Paint It Black” has a similar progression in the key of D minor. It borrows elements from the D Phrygian mode in a sense similar to how The Beatles employed the Mixolydian mode in “All You Need Is Love”.
“`
– E minor (v)
– D Major (IV)
– E minor (v)
– D Major (IV)
– A minor (iv from borrowed D Phrygian scale)
– E minor (v)
– D Major (IV)
– D Major (IV)
– D7 (IV7)
– D6 (IV6)
– D Major (IV)
“`

Chord Progression:
“`
v – IV – v – IV – iv* – v – IV – IV – IV7 – IV6 – IV
“`
(* indicates borrowed chords)

Musical Analysis

The progression opens and closes on the tonic chord (G major), establishing a clear sense of the home key. The movement from G to D (I-V) is a traditional cadence that drives the melody forward. The Am chord serves as a borrowed chord from the Mixolydian mode of G. The D7 and D6 chords are borrowed from the Mixolydian mode of D, providing a slight twist of character within the progression. The consistent inclusion of the V – I plagal cadence adds to the anthemic quality of the song.

Overall Analysis

“All You Need Is Love” is in the key of G major. The song primarily uses the chords within the key signature and has a relatively simple harmonic structure. However, the song does utilize a few distinct chord choices that contribute to its unique sonic character. The song applies modal interchange with an inclusion of A minor from the G Mixolydian mode and the D7 and D6 which evoke a hint of the D Mixolydian mode.

Style Analysis

The Beatles frequently played with Modal Interchange and borrowed chords in their songwriting, which is seen in this song. The Mixolydian mode, in particular, is a common choice for them, offering a major chapter sound with a flattened 7th degree for added bluesy feel. Furthermore, the reiteration of the same sequence enhances the song’s sing-along character at the heart of the Beatles public image.

Chords in the Verse section of All You Need Is Love by The Beatles are:

[‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘D’, ‘D7’, ‘D6’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘D’, ‘D7’, ‘D6’, ‘D’]