Music Theory Alchemy

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The Beatles’ “Something” is a soulful ballad from their 1969 album “Abbey Road.” It’s primarily composed in the key of C major, but features modulations to other keys throughout its duration. The harmony of this song is somewhat complicated, but still rooted in traditional practices. “Something” effectively uses borrowed chords—chords from parallel keys—to create a fresh and memorable sound.

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“Blackbird” by The Beatles is a song mostly in the key of G Major. It’s known for its interesting guitar work and unconventional chord progression. The song employs a mix of functional and non-functional harmony, striking a balance between traditional diatonic harmony and more experimental harmonic ideas. The chord progression also includes several chromatic or borrowed chords (Cm, Dbdim, D# (b5), C#dim, and Ebaug).

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“When Doves Cry” by Prince features an unorthodox chord progression compared to many pop or rock songs from the era. The chord progression in the Outro as well as throughout the song remains constant, which underscores the plaintive mood of the song and lyrics. The progression: Em – F – G in the Outro contains borrowed chords from the parallel minor. This introduces a sense of ambiguity to the overall tonality.

“Welcome to the Machine” by Pink Floyd is a progressive rock piece that features a rather minimalistic chord progression, with only one chord during the outro. The piece is characterized by its lush soundscape, synthesizer layering, and the use of sound effects to create an atmosphere of a mechanized world.

“Everything In Its Right Place” by Radiohead is an experimental and ambient piece released in 2000 as part of their album “Kid A.” The piece defies traditional pop and rock song forms, delving more into the territory of electronic and experimental music. The outro chord progression is simple but intriguing, serving a hypnotic and unresolved quality that keeps the listener engaged.

The Beatles – Something – Outro

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Chord Progression

[‘F’, ‘Eb’, ‘G/D’, ‘A’, ‘F’, ‘Eb’, ‘G/D’, ‘C’]

Chord Progression Analysis

As requested, here is the chord progression analysis of the outro in “Something” with the full chord names and Roman Numerals:

“`
F Major (IV)
Eb Major (bIII – borrowed from C minor)
G/D or D7(sus4) (V/V – secondary dominant)
A Major (VI)
F Major (IV)
Eb Major (bIII – borrowed from C minor)
G/D or D7(sus4) (V/V – secondary dominant)
C Major (I)
“`
As you can see in the analysis, the Eb Major chord is a borrowed chord from the parallel minor of the key (C minor). Similarly, the A Major and G Major chords serve as secondary dominants which pivot the harmony to different key areas temporarily.

Similar Chord Progressions

One similar composition is “Let It Be” by The Beatles themselves. They are known to borrow chords often and the song uses a parallel minor borrowed chord (bIII) in the progression much like “Something”. The progression in “Let It Be” is

“`
C Major (I)
G Major (V)
A minor (vi)
F Major (IV)
C Major (I)
G Major (V)
F Major (IV)
C Major (I)
“`
Another example can be “What’s Up” by 4 Non Blondes which repeatedly uses bIII:

“`
A Major (I)
B Major (II)
D Major (bVII – borrowed from A minor)
A Major (I)
“`

So you can see how the musical exploration in “Something” isn’t very usual, but is also not completely unique. It represents part of The Beatles’ broader innovation in songwriting, particularly in the use of chord progressions.

Musical Analysis

The Beatles albums were often marked by a series of innovations that helped to advance popular music. “Something”, with its subtle shifts in tonality, stands as an example of their harmonic originality and sophistication. The outro begins and ends firmly in C major, but in-between, it saunters into different tonal areas. The Eb Major (bIII) chord, while being ‘borrowed’ from the parallel minor, is often used by Beatles and it gives a surprise twist to the progression.

The G/D chord, viewed as a D7(sus4), is a secondary dominant resolving deceptively to the A Major chord, which does not belong to the key. It lends an unexpected turn to the progression before it lapses back home to C Major.

Overall Analysis

The song “Something” by The Beatles has a key center in C major. However, it modulates from time to time using a variety of techniques including secondary dominance and borrowed chords. It is a fine example of George Harrison’s complex songwriting and his adroitness at seamlessly weaving together uncommon chord progressions. Harrison employs an array of chords to inject a rich, nuanced musical quality to the song.

Style Analysis

The Beatles are known for their eclectic style and their ability to incorporate different musical elements into their compositions. The outro of “Something” speaks volumes of this approach. Rather than simply landing the song with a clichéd phrase, Harrison closes it with a deftly manipulated drop from IV to a poignant borrowed bIII, and swirls it around with secondary dominants.

Chords in the Outro section of Something by The Beatles are:

[‘F’, ‘Eb’, ‘G/D’, ‘A’, ‘F’, ‘Eb’, ‘G/D’, ‘C’]