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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Girl” by The Beatles is a classic example of their use of chromatic harmony and modal interchange. The chord progression shows complexity in both its chord choices and structure, a distinguishing feature in much of their music. By closely examining this piece, we can better understand The Beatles’ harmonic technique where they blend the techniques of classical music (like chromaticism and harmonic diversity) with pop songwriting.

“And I Love Her” is a masterful composition by The Beatles that beautifully demonstrates their ability to mix pop songwriting with complexities of harmonic journey. The song is in the key of E Major, which is unique for being a popular song written by the Beatles in a major key. The main repeating chord progression of the Verse 3 is a progression that modulates between F# minor (the relative minor of A Major, which is the subdominant of E Major), and C# minor (the relative minor of E Major, the original key). The progression’s use of E6 at the end, which is a borrowed chord from the parallel minor (E minor), adds a unique flavor of sixth interval. Finally, it concludes on E6, a somewhat uncommon way to ground a song within a major key.

“Somewhere Only We Know” composed by Keane, is a pop-ballad that is based in the key of A Minor. It makes use of both diatonic and borrowed chords in a modern pop style progression that creates an oscillating feel, with repetition for familiarity and simple melody drawn from the underlying chords.

“Iris” by Goo Goo Dolls is a song in the key of D Major, and uses a very common pop/rock chord progression. The sheer repetition of the progression throughout the verse establishes a solid harmonic background upon which the melody can freely roam. Chords include the primary triads (I, IV, V) which are D, G, A, minor variations of the secondary triads (ii, iii, vi), which are Em, F#m, Bm.

“While My Guitar Gently Weeps” is in the key of A minor and quite uniquely, the song borrows chords from parallel major and minor keys, as well as from modes like mixolydian. It is one of George Harrison’s contributions to the Beatles and showcases sophisticated harmonic techniques and an intricate chordal design, reflecting deeply on the influence of Eastern music and philosophies on his songwriting.

The Beatles – Girl – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

[‘Bm’, ‘F#7’, ‘Bm’, ‘Bm7’, ‘Em’, ‘D’, ‘F#7’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#7’, ‘Bm’, ‘Bm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Bm’]

Chord Progression Analysis

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The Verse 1 of “Girl” goes as follows:
“`
B minor (i), F#7(V7), B minor (i), B minor 7(i7), E minor ( iv),
D (bVI), F#7 (V7), B minor (i), F#7(V7), B minor(i), B minor7(i7),
E minor(iv), B minor (i)
“`
Here, B minor is the tonic (i) chord of the song. The F#7 is the dominant seventh (V7) and key to establishing B minor as the tonal centre. E minor acts as the subdominant (iv) chord which provides a smooth transition back to the tonic. D provides a flat major sixth (bVI) which is a borrowed chord from the parallel major of B minor (B major).

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Similar Chord Progressions

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A similar progression can be heard in “While My Guitar Gently Weeps” also by The Beatles which includes minor, dominant 7th, minor 7th, and a borrowed bVI chord from parallel major.

Another example is “Stairway To Heaven” by Led Zeppelin with the progression goes as follows:
“`
A minor (i), G#7 (VII7), A minor(i), A minor7(i7),
D(iv), F major (bVI), A minor(i), G#7(VII7), A minor(i), A minor7(i7),
D(iv), A minor(i)
“`
This progression, similar to “Girl”, employs a mixture of minor, minor7, and dominant 7th chords. It also borrows F from the parallel major.

Musical Analysis

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The song’s melody is mainly centered around the i chord (B minor), which creates a haunting and melancholic atmosphere. The addition of sevenths (Bm7, F#7) gives the progression a jazzy touch and increases the tension which is released when the progression resolves back to Bm.

The song, although structurally simple, cleverly uses harmonic tension and release to create dynamic interest. The minor harmonic pattern reinforces the moody and romantic lyrics of the song.

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Overall Analysis

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“Girl” is a song by The Beatles from their 1965 album “Rubber Soul”. The song is written in the key of E minor and it showcases the band’s ability to incorporate non-diatsubject resorting to non-diatonic progressions and utilizes various seventh chords to establish a more sophisticated and jazzy soundid progression. It’s important to note their use of the Dorian mode, which adds to the melodic and harmonic sophistication of the song. Moreover, the song exhibits the lyrical and songwriting depth of The Beatles.

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Style Analysis

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The Beatles are known for their innovation with chord progressions, tonalities, and styles. “Girl” is a great representation of their exploration of more sophisticated musical settings, here by implementing seventh chords and a modal use.

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Chords in the Verse 1 section of Girl by The Beatles are:

[‘Bm’, ‘F#7’, ‘Bm’, ‘Bm7’, ‘Em’, ‘D’, ‘F#7’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#7’, ‘Bm’, ‘Bm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Bm’]