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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Eleanor Rigby’” is a song by The Beatles, released on their 1966 album “Revolver”. Being unusually somber and profound for a pop song, it showcases The Beatles’ expanding musical palette and their desire to move past the conventional parameters of popular music at the time. The song itself is crafted entirely around the key of E minor, with only occasional diversions to the IV chord (C Major). It strongly exhibits the use of Aeolian mode (commonly known as the ‘natural’ minor) and employs string quartet instrumentation, a unique stylistic pattern at that time.

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The Beatles were known for their innovative use of musical elements, and this can be seen in “I Want To Hold Your Hand”. The song is largely in the key of G major, but it also has some borrowed chords from other keys. This variety creates a unique listening experience that keeps the song fresh.

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“Yesterday” is predominantly composed in the key of F Major. The song is a classic in pop songwriting and showcases the effective use of borrowed chords to capture a unique, nostalgic sound that has made it one of the most covered songs in pop music. Specifically, in this verse, the use of secondary dominants and borrowed chords from the parallel minor key provides the song’s distinctive tonal color.

“Let It Be” by The Beatles is a song in the key of C Major. The chord progression featured in Verse 3 of the song, C – G – Am – Am/G – Fmaj7 – F6 – C – G – F – C/E – Dm7 – C, is a common progression in pop music. It has a repetitive structure and revolves around the I-V-vi-VI progression.

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The given chord progression is from the verse 3 of the song “The Good Life” by Weezer. The song is in the key of G major and features a mix of diatonic chords from the G major scale and a borrowed chord from the parallel minor (G minor).

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The Beatles – Eleanor Rigby – Verse 3

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Chord Progression

[‘Em’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘Em’, ‘Em’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘Em’]

Chord Progression Analysis

The verse 3 uses a repetitive I-♭VI-I sequence with an overall key of E minor.

“`
E minor (‘I’)
C major (‘♭VI’)

E minor (‘I’)
C major (‘♭VI’)

E minor (‘I’)
C major (‘♭VI’)

E minor (‘I’)
C major (‘♭VI’)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

1. “All Along The Watchtower” by Bob Dylan also oscillates between two chords (Am and G) which creates a feeling of tension and unease.

“`
A minor (‘I’)
G major (‘♭VII’)

A minor (‘I’)
G major (‘♭VII’)

A minor (‘I’)
G major (‘♭VII’)

A minor (‘I’)
G major (‘♭VII’)
“`

2. “With or Without You” by U2 has a chord progression of D – A – Bm – G, repeating throughout the song, a technique called an ostinato.

“`
D major (‘I’)
A major (‘V’)
B minor (‘vi’)
G major (‘IV’)
“`

Musical Analysis

The Em chord gives a melancholic and dark feeling while the C chord provides some relief with a relatively more uplifting tone. However, the rapid alternation between these two chords imparts an overall feeling of complexity and melancholy which is in line with the song’s lyrical content about loneliness and isolation.

Overall Analysis

“Eleanor Rigby” is known for its unusual and innovative use of the Aeolian mode, otherwise known as the natural minor scale, which is reflected in the chord progression Em – C. The song incorporates string arrangements and has a narrative, storytelling style. Unlike most pop and rock songs of the time, it does not contain drums or guitars. The chord utilization is simple with only two chords used throughout, Em and C, but it nevertheless creates a unique and haunting soundscape.

Style Analysis

“Eleanor Rigby” demonstrates an innovative use of the Aeolian mode in pop music. Its emotive use of strings and the two-chord progression successfully conveys a melancholic atmosphere. The song doesn’t have a traditional chorus and is more similar to classical compositions or folk storytelling. The Beatles’ ability to create a unique musical landscape with simple chords illustrates their pioneering genius in songwriting.

Chords in the Verse 3 section of Eleanor Rigby by The Beatles are:

[‘Em’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘Em’, ‘Em’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘Em’]