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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Eleanor Rigby” is known for its unusual and innovative use of the Aeolian mode, otherwise known as the natural minor scale, which is reflected in the chord progression Em – C. The song incorporates string arrangements and has a narrative, storytelling style. Unlike most pop and rock songs of the time, it does not contain drums or guitars. The chord utilization is simple with only two chords used throughout, Em and C, but it nevertheless creates a unique and haunting soundscape.

“Hey Jude,” by The Beatles, is an iconic song. The chord progression is in the key of D major and it follows a sort of Variation on I-V-IV-I progression of many pop and rock songs. However, what makes this song extremely unique is its out-of-the-box structure and the experimental use of borrowed cords – it shows The Beatles’ fondness for combining elements of pop, rock and classical music and results in an emotional, powerful progression that resonates strongly with listeners.

** The overall use of chords highlights Queen’s blending of rock with more complex harmonic structures, moving beyond simple major & minor chords and incorporating 7th and inversions. Despite its pop/rock surface, “Somebody to Love” includes interesting modulation and chord choices that could be seen as more typical of more ‘classical’ forms of music.

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“Hallelujah” by Jeff Buckley is a well-known example of a poignant, introspective ballad with a mix of pop, folk, and gospel elements. It features intricate, emotionally evocative chord progressions that move beyond typical diatonic patterns and uses borrowed chords to create an emotionally charged atmosphere.

The Sound Of Silence by Simon & Garfunkel, released in 1964, is a solid example of folk rock genre transitioning into what we now know as classic rock. The chord progression is straightforward yet powerful, and it perfectly complements the beautifully written lyrics and evocative vocal harmonies. Furthermore, the song is written in A minor, a key that is often associated with sadness, which enhances the melancholic and introspective feelings conveyed by the lyrics.

The Beatles – Eleanor Rigby – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

Em, C, C, Em, Em, C, Em

Chord Progression Analysis

Here is the chord progression for Verse 1 with the full chord names.

Em (i), C (VI), C (VI), Em (i), Em (i), C (VI), Em (i)

Similar Chord Progressions

1. Radiohead’s song “Creep.” Although not the same, it follows a resonating pattern of switching between a minor chord (in this case G minor) and a major chord (B major).

G (I), B (III), C (IV), Cm (iv)

2. Johnny Cash’s “Hurt”. This song follows a similar pattern of oscillating between A minor and F major.

Am (i), C (III), D (IV), G (VII)

3. Lana Del Rey’s “Summertime Sadness” also follows a vaguely similar progression in B minor.

Bm (i), G (VI), D (III), A (VII)

The above examples demonstrate a similar treatment of minor-major chord oscillation in their progressions.

Musical Analysis

The song’s melancholic tonality is rooted in its E minor centricity and the cyclical pattern of moving between E minor and C major. The E minor chord works as the tonic (home chord), whereas the motion to C major provides a brief, partial sense of relief from the somber tonality of E minor. It is important to mention here that C Major is the relative major of E minor which adds to the continuity of the overall sound. The lack of chordal variation prominently focuses the listener’s attention on the melody and lyrics.

Overall Analysis

“Eleanor Rigby’” is a song by The Beatles, released on their 1966 album “Revolver”. Being unusually somber and profound for a pop song, it showcases The Beatles’ expanding musical palette and their desire to move past the conventional parameters of popular music at the time. The song itself is crafted entirely around the key of E minor, with only occasional diversions to the IV chord (C Major). It strongly exhibits the use of Aeolian mode (commonly known as the ‘natural’ minor) and employs string quartet instrumentation, a unique stylistic pattern at that time.

Style Analysis

The Beatles were known for their innovative use of chord progressions and exploratory approach to songwriting, in which regard, “Eleanor Rigby” stands out as one of their most unusual compositions. The absence of any traditional rock instrumentation (like drums, bass, or guitar) and featuring a double string quartet, adds a baroque/classical tinge making the song highly unorthodox for a pop/rock band in the late 1960s.

Chords in the Verse 1 section of Eleanor Rigby by The Beatles are:

Em, C, C, Em, Em, C, Em