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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Dazed and Confused” by Led Zeppelin is a rock song that features a mix of blues and psychedelic elements. The chord progression in the verse is quite unconventional and may invoke a feeling of unease, which matches the song’s mysterious and somewhat disorienting theme.

“Kashmir” by Led Zeppelin is a classic rock song that is well-known for its distinctive and mysterious sound. This interlude, in particular, creates a sense of tension and resolution through its simple but effective chord progression. The overall harmonic structure is built on a modal mixture, drawing from both the major and minor modes, which contributes to its unique atmosphere.

“1979” by The Smashing Pumpkins is written in the A major key and showcases various examples of modal interchange, also known as borrowed chords. The song switches often between the major and minor modes, providing a dynamic interplay of moods. The outro particularly stands out due to its use of both major and maj7th chords, a somewhat unusual combination. Emaj7 adds color and complexity to the progression, as a borrowed chord from the E major scale.

The outro of “Kashmir” by Led Zeppelin features a simple alternating chord progression between G major and A major, which creates tension by avoiding a resolution to the tonic or dominant chords. This makes the progression sound unstable, yet well defined as it repeats. The recurring ascending motion creates a sense of lift throughout the outro, while the lack of a true resolution maintains a feeling of unease. This progression is notable for its simplicity, as well as how it invokes a modal sound that is characteristic of the mixolydian mode often used in rock music.

“Somewhere Only We Know” by Keane is a softly and tenderly written song that rests primarily on the key of C Major. However, it uses a fair amount of borrowed chords from the parallel minor key, giving it a warm, melancholic tone, which is typical of many pop ballads.

Led Zeppelin – Dazed And Confused – Outro

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Chord Progression

E5, E5, E5, E5, D5, D5, E5

Chord Progression Analysis

E5 (I), E5 (I), E5 (I), E5 (I), D5 (♭VII), D5 (♭VII), E5 (I)

Similar Chord Progressions

1. “Sunshine Of Your Love” by Cream:
C5 (I), B♭5 (♭VII), A♭5 (♭VI), G5 (V), C5 (I)

2. “Purple Haze” by Jimi Hendrix:
E♭7#9 (I), G♭7 (♭III), A7#9 (V), E♭7#9 (I)

3. “Smoke on the Water” by Deep Purple:
G5 (I), B♭5 (♭III), C5 (IV), G5 (I), F5 (♭VII), C5 (IV), G5 (I)

These songs make use of similar techniques such as power chords, blues-influenced riffs, and borrowing chords from other modes, giving them a similar sound and style to the outro of “Dazed and Confused.”

Musical Analysis

The outro of “Dazed and Confused” is built around a repetitive pattern of power chords. Power chords, also known as “fifth chords” or “5 chords”, are chords that include the root and the fifth note of the major or minor scale. These chords are popular in rock music because they provide a strong, full sound without the additional complexity of major or minor triads. In this progression, we see the emphasis on the I chord (E5), which gives the outro a strong, grounded feel. The use of the ♭VII chord (D5) acts as a borrowed chord from the E Mixolydian mode, creating tension and providing a bluesy touch.

Overall Analysis

“Dazed and Confused” by Led Zeppelin is an iconic rock song that features a descending bass line and bluesy chord progressions. The outro takes on a more aggressive tone and the chords are power chords, which give the song a heavy sound. These power chords, mixed with the syncopated rhythm and the blues-rock influences, contribute to the song’s unique character.

Style Analysis

“Dazed and Confused” is an iconic example of 1960s and 1970s hard rock and blues-rock, characterized by heavy power chords, distorted guitar sounds, and strong rhythmic elements. Led Zeppelin was one of the bands that pioneered this fusion of blues and rock, and their music strongly influenced the development of hard rock, heavy metal, and psychedelic rock. Many artists in these genres also employ the use of power chords, borrowed chords from Mixolydian mode, and descending bass lines.

Chords in the Outro section of Dazed And Confused by Led Zeppelin are:

E5, E5, E5, E5, D5, D5, E5