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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Tonight, Tonight” by The Smashing Pumpkins draws from the band’s unique style of alternative rock influenced by a distinct palette of harmonic choices. Particularly in the songwriting of Billy Corgan (the band’s primary songwriter), the band tends to use a mix of common and uncommon chords, together with a tendency of exploring different tonalities. Often, the chord changes are driven by guitar inversions, suspensions, or additions.

“Bullet With Butterfly Wings” by The Smashing Pumpkins is an alternative rock song released in 1995. The song is in the key of E minor and primarily uses power chords derived from the E minor scale throughout the song. Power chords or ‘5’ chords, like B5 or G5, don’t have a major or minor quality and are often used in rock music for their strong and neutral sound. The song also applies modal mixture (borrowing chords from parallel keys) for color and tension.

“Wild Horses” by the Rolling Stones is a song in the key of G Major with a chord progression marked by the use of common chords and a few borrowed chords from other keys. The usage of minor and major chords conjures a variety of emotions synonymous with the mood of the song. The repetitive nature of the sequence creates a cyclical feeling that gives a strong sense of the song’s emotional journey.

“Wish You Were Here” by Pink Floyd is an iconic rock ballad from their 1975 album of the same name. The song’s verse chord progression evokes a sense of nostalgia and longing, featuring a combination of major and minor chords, as well as borrowed chords and inversions that create a unique and emotional soundscape.

“Ceilings” by Lizzy McAlpine, draws its magic from a mix of interesting chord progressions and different rhythms. The use of added notes in several chords (Cadd9, Emadd9) introduces additional color into the mix, creating a rich and thoughtful atmosphere. The tonality of the song is in G Major, despite the liberal use of the Cadd9 in the progression. We’ll use this tonality for the Roman numerals.

The Smashing Pumpkins – Tonight Tonight – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

[‘Am’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘D/F#’, ‘Em’, ‘Am’, ‘C’, ‘Cadd9’, ‘G/B’, ‘D’, ‘Cadd9’, ‘G/B’, ‘D’]

Chord Progression Analysis

The key of the song seems to oscillate between C major and G major, which provides a fresh and somewhat unpredictable sound to the ears. The chords of Verse 1 proceed as follows:

“`
A minor (vi)
C Major (I)
G Major (V)
D Major/F# (V/vi)
E minor (iii)
A minor (vi)
C Major (I)
C add9 (Isus2)
G Major/B (V6)
D Major (V/V)
C add9 (Isus2)
G Major/B (V6)
D Major (V/V)
“`
The use of slash chords like ‘D/F#’ and ‘G/B’ add further color and complexity to the harmonic vision of the song. The D Major (which would not typically fit in a C Major key) and its inversions (D/F#) can be considered borrowed from the parallel minor.

Similar Chord Progressions

A similar chord progression can be found in U2’s “With or Without You” which has a constant IV-I-V-vi progression. This creates a similar sense of anticipation and grandeur as “Tonight, Tonight.” Another example includes “Let it Be” by The Beatles, which follows the progression I-V-vi-IV, similar in ways but a reflection of “Tonight, Tonight”‘s development and diversity.

Musical Analysis

The chord progression creates a sense of anticipation and suspense, always pushing the listener forward. The Em-Am-C progression is a typical i-VI-III progression often found in pop and rock music. In contrast, the D Major chord creates a feeling of departure, or a slight tension due to its role as a secondary dominant. Finally, the progression often resolves back to a G Major chord, giving a certain satisfaction to the listener.

Overall Analysis

“Tonight, Tonight” by The Smashing Pumpkins is a rock song happy to embrace classical music tropes. An orchestral, string-heavy arrangement propels the song, surrounding the listener with a rich tapestry of sound. The grandiose sound of the full orchestra is bolstered by the band’s dual guitars and Billy Corgan’s characteristic singing.

Style Analysis

The style of the song blend grunge rock, pop, and symphonic elements. The frequent use of add9 chords bring a degree of sophistication and elevation that is frequently associated with orchestral music. Additionally, the passing tones and borrowed chords add to the complexity of the song, ensuring that the song remains interesting throughout its entirety.

Chords in the Verse 1 section of Tonight Tonight by The Smashing Pumpkins are:

[‘Am’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘D/F#’, ‘Em’, ‘Am’, ‘C’, ‘Cadd9’, ‘G/B’, ‘D’, ‘Cadd9’, ‘G/B’, ‘D’]