Music Theory Alchemy

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Paranoid Android is a progressive rock song by Radiohead from their album “OK Computer.” The song features various time signature changes, complex harmonic structures, and a blend of distorted guitar tones and strings. The given chords belong to the first verse of the song. The overall tonality of the song is predominantly centered around the C minor key. However, there are some instances of borrowed chords and chromaticism in the chord progression, which adds tension and an unstable quality to the music.

The piece “Reckoner” by Radiohead features a chord progression that can be analyzed in the key of E minor, which is a relatively common key for rock music. Its harmonic content exhibits some standard and some unusual behavior, with various instances of borrowed chords and chord changes that result in a unique sound. The progression demonstrates an interesting blending of styles, combining elements from rock, electronic, and alternative genres, which is characteristic of Radiohead’s unique sound.

“Sour Times” by Portishead is characterized by dark, brooding sounds and melancholic melodies that gives the song its distinct feel, largely due to the specific chord progression that is used throughout the song. Written in the key of E major, the song makes use of a diverse selection of chords that offers a wider blend of harmonic options to navigate through different moods and tonal landscapes.

“Cant Buy Me Love” by The Beatles, is a song in the key of C Major, but it has an interesting harmonic structure, especially in the chorus. The song features a number of borrowed and secondary dominant chords to create tension that resolves into the tonic chord. The chorus’s progression can be seen as a series of descending minor thirds, with an unexpected shift to a ii-V-I progression which is quite popular in jazz music.

“Tonight, Tonight” by The Smashing Pumpkins draws from the band’s unique style of alternative rock influenced by a distinct palette of harmonic choices. Particularly in the songwriting of Billy Corgan (the band’s primary songwriter), the band tends to use a mix of common and uncommon chords, together with a tendency of exploring different tonalities. Often, the chord changes are driven by guitar inversions, suspensions, or additions.

Radiohead – Paranoid Android – Chorus

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Chord Progression

Gm, Dm9, E, Gm, Gm, Dm9, E, Am, G#, C, D, Am, G#, C, D, Cm, G, Bb, A, Dm, A, Dm, Dm7, Bb, F, Gm, F, E, A

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
G minor (i),
D minor 9 (v9),
E major (VI),
G minor (i),
G minor (i),
D minor 9 (v9),
E major (VI),
A minor (ii),
G# major (I#),
C major (IV),
D major (V),
A minor (ii),
G# major (I#),
C major (IV),
D major (V),
C minor (iv),
G major (VII),
Bb major (III),
A major (V/V),
D minor (v),
A major (V/V),
D minor (v),
D minor 7 (v7),
Bb major (III),
F major (VII/base),
G minor (i),
F major (VII/base),
E major (VI),
A major (V/V)
“`

Borrowed Chords:

“`G# major (I#)“`

Similar Chord Progressions

1. The Beatles – “Happiness is a Warm Gun”:
“`Cm, G, Ab, Bb, Gm, G, E, Am, G“`

2. Muse – “Citizen Erased”:
“`Am, G, F, E, Dm, G, Fmaj7, E“`

3. Tool – “Schism”:
“`Ebm7, Bb7, Bbm7, Abm, Fm, D“`

Although not exact replicas, these examples share a similar tendency of utilizing diverse and unexpected harmonic movement in an unconventional progression. They demonstrate how artists from various genres experiment with complex harmony and chromaticism to create a unique and engaging musical experience.

Musical Analysis

Radiohead’s “Paranoid Android” chorus employs several non-diatonic chords, creating a sense of unpredictability and tension. While the predominant tonality is G minor, the piece frequently ventures into other tonal centers, including C major and D major.

The progression begins with a somewhat conventional G minor – D minor – E major progression (i – v – VI), giving a sense of the natural minor scale. However, the progression then shifts to A minor (ii), followed by the borrowed G# major (I#) chord, which provides a strong chromatic contrast.

The repeated A minor – G# major – C major – D major sequence highlights a mix of diatonic degrees and borrowed chords, keeping the listener engaged. Eventually, the progression resolves to C minor (iv), before taking another series of twists and turns, finally ending with the V/V (A major) chord, which serves as a dominant push back into the tonic upon repetition of the progression.

Overall Analysis

The chorus of Radiohead’s “Paranoid Android” features an unconventional and diverse chord progression, drawing from various scale degrees. This progression contributes to the song’s complex, shifting quality, moving through several tonal centers.

Style Analysis

“Paranoid Android” exemplifies Radiohead’s use of unconventional harmony and structure in their music. The ever-evolving, unpredictable nature of the chord progression reflects the song’s moody, atmospheric quality. It combines traditional tonal harmony with chromaticism, contributing to the song’s melodic and harmonic complexity.

Chords in the Chorus section of Paranoid Android by Radiohead are:

Gm, Dm9, E, Gm, Gm, Dm9, E, Am, G#, C, D, Am, G#, C, D, Cm, G, Bb, A, Dm, A, Dm, Dm7, Bb, F, Gm, F, E, A