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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Castles Made of Sand” is a song by Jimi Hendrix, found on his 1967 album “Axis: Bold as Love.” The song is in the key of G major and features a chord progression that is both simple and innovative in its use of borrowed chords and voice leading. The progression can be seen as an indirect approach to the IV chord (C) which gives the progression a sense of unresolved tension. The overall sound of the song is characterized by its dreamy, psychedelic atmosphere.

The outro of “Hey Joe” by Jimi Hendrix uses a descending circle of fifths chord progression, which is a very common progression in many styles of music, particularly in the Baroque period and in blues-based rock music. The progression features a steady descent through the Circle of Fifths that creates a strong sense of harmony and resolution. In this context, Jimi Hendrix uses the progression to create tension and momentum, which is appropriate for an outro section.

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The piece, ‘1979’ by The Smashing Pumpkins follows an overarching structure with a mix of major and minor chords, what stand out are the rich extended chords, ‘Emaj7’ and ‘Amaj7’. The piece displays a balance between tonic chords and dominant chords, expressing a classic pop-rock style whilst frequent usage of maj7 chords adding a distinctive jazziness to the tune.

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The song, “Sour Times” by Portishead, is in the key of C# minor. The chord progression of the chorus that you’ve provided swings between three chords (F#m7, Emaj7, D#7) four times before ending on a C#m chord. It suggests a II – I – VII progression in the chorus, which is rare and distinctive in contemporary music genres. This choice of chord progression creates a mysterious, dark, and contemplative mood, characteristic of the trip-hop genre that Portishead propounds.

The “Like Clockwork” track by Queens of the Stone Age showcases a wide range of harmonic complexity. The track is in the key of F# minor and it is characterized by non-traditional chord progressions. From the range of chords used within the song, it’s clear that the song deviates from strict diatonic harmony, and freely borrows chords from parallel keys (modal mixture).

Jimi Hendrix – Castles Made Of Sand – Chorus 2

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Chord Progression

G, D, F, C

Chord Progression Analysis

G Major (I), D Major (V), F Major (bVII), C Major (IV)

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Borrowed Chord: F Major (bVII)
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Similar Chord Progressions

1) The Beatles – “While My Guitar Gently Weeps”
Chord Progression: Am (i), G (VII), Am/G (i), Am/F# (i), Am/F (i), G (VII), C (III), E (V)

2) Radiohead – “Karma Police”
Chord Progression: Am (vi), D (IV), G (I), Em (ii), G (I), F#m (ii°), F (bVII), C (IV)

Both of these examples share similarities with Hendrix’s progression, particularly through the use of non-diatonic chords and the incorporation of tension and resolution via borrowed chords or secondary dominants.

Musical Analysis

The primary chords of the progression can be traced to G major, with the exception of F Major which is a borrowed chord from the parallel minor (G minor). This borrowed bVII chord functions as a way to introduce greater variety and freshness to the harmony, and adds tension before resolving back to the tonic, G Major. This also foreshadows the use of the Mixolydian mode in the progression, as the F major chord is a common component in Mixolydian progressions.

A unique aspect of the progression is that it doesn’t follow a traditional harmonic structure like most songs of that time. Instead of using the classic IV-V-I progression, Hendrix cleverly avoids resolution to the I chord for a more intriguing sequence.

Overall Analysis

Jimi Hendrix’s “Castles Made of Sand” is an interesting and unique composition with an innovative chord progression. The song is in the key of G major and is characterized by an engaging and complex harmonic structure that showcases Hendrix’s skill as a songwriter and performer. The chord progression, though relatively simple, creates a sense of depth and movement uncommon during that time period.

Style Analysis

Jimi Hendrix is known for his innovative and groundbreaking approach to guitar playing and songwriting. His incorporation of unusual and fresh harmonic structures such as within “Castles Made of Sand” expanded the boundaries of popular music during the late 1960s. This song, in particular, highlights Hendrix’s distinctive ability to fuse rock, blues, and psychedelic music styles, creating a unique and mesmerizing sound.

Chords in the Chorus 2 section of Castles Made Of Sand by Jimi Hendrix are:

G, D, F, C