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Related Music Theory Alchemy

The Beatles’ “Something” is a soulful ballad from their 1969 album “Abbey Road.” It’s primarily composed in the key of C major, but features modulations to other keys throughout its duration. The harmony of this song is somewhat complicated, but still rooted in traditional practices. “Something” effectively uses borrowed chords—chords from parallel keys—to create a fresh and memorable sound.

“Eleanor Rigby” is known for its unusual and innovative use of the Aeolian mode, otherwise known as the natural minor scale, which is reflected in the chord progression Em – C. The song incorporates string arrangements and has a narrative, storytelling style. Unlike most pop and rock songs of the time, it does not contain drums or guitars. The chord utilization is simple with only two chords used throughout, Em and C, but it nevertheless creates a unique and haunting soundscape.

The song “Eight Days a Week” by The Beatles is an interesting example of pop music songwriting from the mid 1960’s. It showcases Paul McCartney and John Lennon’s ability to use common chord progressions and tweak them in a unique and recognizable way. It utilizes a simple progression in the verse but what makes it different is their use of 7th and borrowed chords. The key of the song is D major.

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The given chord progression is from the fourth verse of “Megalomania” by Muse. It reflects a mix of classical and rock influences and showcases Muse’s signature harmonic choices, featuring borrowed chords and non-diatonic elements.

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“Can’t Buy Me Love,” a song by The Beatles, exhibits a style that’s emblematic of their earlier work, with a clear, upbeat tonality and an elegant yet straightforward chord progression. The tune is predominantly centred in the key of C major, but it utilizes both major and dominant 7th chords to create tension and resolution, modulating away from the home key. The particular progression you’ve given, ‘C7’, ‘F7’, ‘C’, isn’t rare and demonstrates the Beatles’ precision and understanding of pop and rock music’s creative possibilities.

The Beatles – Something – Verse 4

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Chord Progression

[‘C’, ‘Cmaj7’, ‘C7’, ‘F’, ‘F’, ‘F/E’, ‘D7’, ‘G’, ‘G/A’, ‘G7/B’, ‘Am’, ‘Ammaj7’, ‘Am7’, ‘D9’]

Chord Progression Analysis

The full chord names in the verse 4 are as follows, with their Roman numeral annotations:

“`
C (‘I’),
Cmaj7 (‘IMaj7’),
C7 (‘I7’),
F (‘IV’),
F (‘IV’),
F/E (‘IV/II’),
D7 (‘V/V’),
G (‘V’),
G/A (‘V/II’),
G7/B (‘V7/III’),
Am (‘vi’),
Ammaj7 (‘viMaj7’),
Am7 (‘vii’),
D9 (‘II9’)
“`

In this progression, the `C7` is a secondary dominant, which prepares for the F major chord. Additionally, `D7` is another secondary dominant, gearing towards the G major chord. The presence of these dominant 7th chords adds tension which is later resolved. `G/A` and `G7/B` are slash chords changing the bass note. Lastly, the `D9` acts as a dominant chord leading back to the initial key of C major.

Borrowed chords can’t naturally be found in the major scale but can be borrowed from the parallel minor scale. In this progression the Ammaj7 specifically can be viewed as borrowed from C minor.

“`
Ammaj7 (‘bVIIMaj7’)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

Other artists have used similar chord progressions in their work. For example, “My Funny Valentine” by Rodgers and Hart has a descending chord progression with the use of the `Maj7` and `m7`, just like “Something”. Bernstein’s “Somewhere” from West Side Story also employs a similar descending pattern. In both of these songs, the secondary dominants and the use of major seventh and minor seventh chords add sophistication to the harmonies and create tension-resolution patterns.

Musical Analysis

In this verse, you notice a downward movement which has a sort of a fall and rise pattern. The song starts with the root note i.e., `C`, then it descends to `Am7` and immediately rises to `D9`. The `D9` chord gives a jazzy feel to the song, adding more color due to the 9th. The dominance of 7th chords is also worth noting as it adds a gentle, melancholic touch and also sets up neat resolutions.

Overall Analysis

“Something” written by George Harrison from The Beatles majorly follows the key of C major and includes a few borrowed chords. There is a usage of secondary dominants and seventh chords which lend a harmonic complexity to the song. During the course of the song, the chords shift from the major scale to the parallel minor scale.

Style Analysis

“Something” represents a mix of pop and jazz influences specifically seen in the usage of secondary dominants and the jazzy 9th chord. The descending progression was very characteristic of many Beatles’ songs, as it creates a nice lead to resolve back to the tonic. The use of slash chords is also very indicative of the Beatles’ willingness to experiment with complex harmonies.

Chords in the Verse 4 section of Something by The Beatles are:

[‘C’, ‘Cmaj7’, ‘C7’, ‘F’, ‘F’, ‘F/E’, ‘D7’, ‘G’, ‘G/A’, ‘G7/B’, ‘Am’, ‘Ammaj7’, ‘Am7’, ‘D9’]