Music Theory Alchemy

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“I Am The Walrus” is a composition by The Beatles that showcases a variety of chord progressions, rhythmic sensibilities, and melodic explorations that are representative of their signature sound. The song’s structure presents a complex and unorthodox harmonic design that is characteristic of The Beatles’ later experimental phase.

The pre-chorus 1 [‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘Dadd9/F#’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘F’, ‘B7’] presents a series of descending bass notes provided by the root movement of these chords- from A to G (in ‘A/G’) to F# (in ‘Dadd9/F#’) and then repeated. This technique significantly enhances the melodic content of this progression. From a stylistic perspective, the song’s chord progression is enriched by the functional interplay of diatonic and non-diatonic elements over a changing tonal landscape.

“Hey Jude” goes through a clear progression, switching through the keys of D major, A major and G major. Like many Beatles songs, it cleverly varies between these keys in keeping with the melody and mood of the piece. The complexity of this progression is part of the song’s charm and helps exemplifies the band’s creative approach to composition.

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“Riptide,” by Vance Joy has a classic, highly repetitive chord progression that creates the folk/pop character of the song. It is written in the key of C Major and uses the simplified I-IV-vi progression, which is also widely used in pop music. In addition, it has a common modulated transition via V chord (G) to the vi chord (Am). There are no borrowed chords in this progression. This repetitive structure can be appealing due to its simplicity and familiarity.

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The chord progression in the verse of Radiohead’s “Nude” sets a contemplative and emotive atmosphere. It features a mix of diatonic and borrowed chords, which creates unexpected harmonic shifts that evoke feelings of melancholy. This distinctive harmonic language can be associated with the band’s signature moody sound and has been influential in the indie and alternative rock genres.

“Just The Two of Us” by Grover Washington Jr. is an easy-listening song, falling under R&B and jazz genres. It’s a classic example of the use of major 7th, dominant 7th, and minor 7th chords to create a rich, smooth harmonic texture. The chord progression is quite repetitive and follows a mixture of diatonic and chromatic movement.

The Beatles – I Am The Walrus – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

[‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘C’, ‘D7’, ‘A’]

Chord Progression Analysis

The chord progression for the verse is as follows:

A Major (I), A/G (I bass inversion), C Major (♭III – Borrowed from the parallel minor), D Major (IV), A Major (I), A/G (I bass inversion), C Major (♭III – Borrowed from the parallel minor), D7 (IV7), A Major (I).

“`Borrowed Chords: C Major“`

Similar Chord Progressions

The use of borrowed chords can be seen in other songs from the 1960s psychedelic era. The Beach Boys’ “Good Vibrations” uses a similar technique, occasionally borrowing chords from the parallel minor in what would otherwise be a simple major key progression. A parallel can also be drawn to the work of Pink Floyd, in their song “See Emily Play”, which also creatively borrows chords to achieve a psychedelic sound.

Here is the progression which similar techniques were used (not the whole songs, just representative snippets):

Beach Boys – Good Vibrations: E Major (I), F# minor (ii), G Major (♭III – Borrowed from the parallel minor), A Major (IV), E Major (I)

Pink Floyd – See Emily Play: A Major (I), B Major (II), C Major (♭III – Borrowed from the parallel minor), D Major (IV), E Major (V)

Musical Analysis

The use of the borrowed chord C Major (♭III) from the parallel minor scale offers a chromatic and unexpected shift that contributes to the psychedelic and unpredictable nature of the song. The D7 chord in the progression introduces a dominant seventh, providing tension that resolves back to the tonic chord, A Major.

Overall Analysis

“I Am The Walrus” is a distinctive composition by the Beatles from their 1967 album “Magical Mystery Tour”. Known for its surreal lyrics and creative chord progression, the song displays the Beatles’ mastery of composition and their innovative use of harmony. The song features elements from psychedelic rock, a genre that the Beatles helped popularize during the mid-1960s.

Style Analysis

“I Am The Walrus” reflects the Beatles’ progression from their initial pop-rock sound into more experimental and avant-garde styles. The song’s unusual chord progression, abstract lyrics, and complex structure are hallmarks of psychedelic rock. The borrowed chords and modulation display a sophisticated understanding of music theory and suggest the influence of classical music and jazz on the Beatles’ songwriting.

Chords in the Verse 1 section of I Am The Walrus by The Beatles are:

[‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘A/G’, ‘C’, ‘D7’, ‘A’]