Music Theory Alchemy

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“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day is set in the key of E minor, and uses a recurrent sequence of four chords throughout the song: Em, G, D, and A. The prevalence of this progression endows the song with an air of melancholy, aligning with its lyrical themes of loneliness and disillusionment. These four chords create a harmonic loop that reflects the circulative narrative portrayed in the lyrics.

“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day, released in 2004, is an alt-rock anthem that largely follows a 4-chord progression throughout the song. The key signature of the song is E minor (derived from the root chord), and essentially all chords used in the song are diatonic, meaning they are derived from the scales of the key. The chorus shifts to a progression in C Major. However, it returns to E minor at the end.

“House of the Rising Sun” by The Animals is a traditional folk song that features a distinctive, repetitive chord progression throughout the song. The tune has a somber, haunting quality and is set in a minor key. It has been covered by numerous artists over the years, but the version by The Animals is the most famous.

“Stairway to Heaven” by Led Zeppelin is recognized for its use of modal interchange, specifically borrowing chords from the parallel minor, and its distinct way of blending rock and folk music elements. This piece is in the key of A minor and the chord progression in Verse 5 is simple but quite effective.

“Paint It Black” by The Rolling Stones is a masterful example of the band’s ability to incorporate a variety of musical elements into a rock setting. This song, in particular, unites a classic rock ‘n roll backbone with an exotic influence, likely derived from Eastern music, especially with the use of the sitar.

Green Day – Boulevard Of Broken Dreams – Verse 5

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Chord Progression

[‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’]

Chord Progression Analysis

E minor (i)
G major (III)
D major (VII)
A major (‘IV/iv) — this is a borrowed chord from the parallel major key.

Similar Chord Progressions

The chord progression Em-G-D-A is often seen in many pop and rock genres due to its simple yet effective harmonic movement. Some notable examples can be found in songs like:

“Telephone Line” by Electric Light Orchestra
Verse: [‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’]

“Can’t Stop” by Red Hot Chili Peppers
Verse: [‘Em’, ‘B’, ‘D’, ‘A’]

While these are not exactly the same as the progression used by Green Day, they have a similar structure and feel.

Musical Analysis

When examining the first few measures of the song, the constant alternation between Em and G establishes a strong i-III progression in the verses. This progression creates a striking back-and-forth in tonality. Following this, the D major and A major chords provide pleasant harmonic diversity and help the progression avoid sounding too monotonous. Although the A major is a borrowed chord from the parallel major key, it still fits in the overall tonality of the song without creating an awkward transition.

Overall Analysis

This song, “Boulevard Of Broken Dreams”, is arguably one of Green Day’s most iconic hits off their album “American Idiot”. Musically, it is set in the key of E minor, with an intermediate tempo. Its chord progression is simple but effective, proven by the song’s tremendous success.

Style Analysis

Green Day’s style is characterized by its alternative rock sound, fused with punk rock. Dominated by short predictable sequences, their chord progressions lay a solid foundation for melody and lyrics, allowing them to explore variations in other elements of the song.

Chords in the Verse 5 section of Boulevard Of Broken Dreams by Green Day are:

[‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’]