Search

Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Yesterday” is predominantly composed in the key of F Major. The song is a classic in pop songwriting and showcases the effective use of borrowed chords to capture a unique, nostalgic sound that has made it one of the most covered songs in pop music. Specifically, in this verse, the use of secondary dominants and borrowed chords from the parallel minor key provides the song’s distinctive tonal color.

“Let It Be” by The Beatles utilizes a very accessible and effective chord progression throughout the song. This progression is designed to create tension and release as it progresses, as well as establish the root key of the song, which is C Major.

The chords used throughout the song show a strong use of borrowed chords, inversions, and extensions, adding to the depth and complexity of the song despite the relatively uncomplicated chord progression.

The balance between the root key, dissonance, resolution, and overall harmony creates an emotive and engaging song that maintains listener interest and displays the songwriting abilities of The Beatles.

The chord progression in the outro of Beck’s “Say Goodbye” is an interesting combination of diatonic and chromatic elements. The use of the borrowed chord A# major in the mostly diatonic setting adds an unexpected twist to the progression, creating a unique and expressive harmonic landscape.

“God Only Knows” by The Beach Boys is one of their most well-known pieces and a primary example of the sophisticated harmonic writing characteristic of the group’s 1966 “Pet Sounds” record. This piece is particularly designed in the key of A major. The Outro of the song includes the following chords: ‘A’, ‘E/G#’, ‘F#m7’, ‘E/G#’ and many other chords throughout the song with complex chord changes that might not be typical in a pop song, but are characteristic of the band’s sound.

The outro of “Hey Joe” by Jimi Hendrix uses a descending circle of fifths chord progression, which is a very common progression in many styles of music, particularly in the Baroque period and in blues-based rock music. The progression features a steady descent through the Circle of Fifths that creates a strong sense of harmony and resolution. In this context, Jimi Hendrix uses the progression to create tension and momentum, which is appropriate for an outro section.

The Beatles – Yesterday – Outro

Add To Favorites Remove From Favorites

< All Analyses

Chord Progression

[‘Dm’, ‘G7’, ‘Bb’, ‘F’, ‘F’]

Chord Progression Analysis

In the context of the key of F Major:

1. D minor: Dm (‘vi)
2. G Dominant 7: G7 (‘V7)
3. B-flat Major: Bb (‘IV)
4. F Major: F (‘I)

“Dm – G7 – Bb – F – F”

Similar Chord Progressions

“Ain’t No Sunshine” by Bill Withers, another melancholic pop song, follows a similar chord progression:

Dm – E7 – Am – Am

This song, while in the key of Am, employs the relative major’s (C Major) Dominant 7th and similar to Yesterday, makes use of the relative minor at the start of the progression.

Musical Analysis

This progression begins with the relative minor (Dm), which sets a somewhat melancholic tone, typically associated with the minor key. This melancholy is made more complex moving to the dominant 7th (G7), which introduces slight tension due to the tritone interval between the 3rd and the 7th of the chord. This tension is then briefly released with a move to Bb, the subdominant of the key. This release is made final with the move to the tonic F major. The final tonic is repeated twice to emphasize stability.

Overall Analysis

“Yesterday” by The Beatles is a classic Pop song in F Major maintaining a 2/2 time signature. The song changes the chords frequently to create a rich harmonic texture, and is known for its iconic descending guitar melody.

Style Analysis

“Yesterday” is noted for its melancholic mood, primarily established through its chord progression that begins on the relative minor. Although in a major key, the song turns to minor and dominant 7th chords for a more complex harmonic narrative. Authorial traits of The Beatles manifest in this song with the frequent use of the sub-dominant chord, Bb, often employed to create a sense of conclusion and tranquillity.

Chords in the Outro section of Yesterday by The Beatles are:

[‘Dm’, ‘G7’, ‘Bb’, ‘F’, ‘F’]