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Related Music Theory Alchemy

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‘Set Fire to the Rain’ is written in the key of D minor. The main course of progression uses the chords of Dm, B-flat Major, F Major and C Major. This is a 6-4-1-5 progression, which is very popular and is used in a lot of pop music.

What makes this progression interesting is that Adele uses the 2nd inversion of the A minor chord, Am/B, and G/A, which gives it a unique timbre. `Am/B` is the 2nd inversion of the `Am` chord and `G/A` is the 2nd inversion of the `G` chord.

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Queen’s ‘Don’t Stop Me Now’ contains a rich mixture of chord progressions, which is typical of the band’s complex songwriting. The outro of the song makes use of the F, F7, Bb, and Gm7 chords. This progression is in the key of F Major, with F being the tonic (I), F7 being the dominant 7th (V7), Bb being the subdominant (IV) and Gm7 being the submediant 7th (vi7). The Bb chord is a borrowed chord from the parallel minor key (F Minor) and the usage of F7 serves to add a level of tension before resolving to the Bb.

The chord progression in the famous outro of Queen’s ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’ illustrates the eccentricity Queen was known for throughout their discography. This section consists of bold modulations, chromatic chord progressions, and borrowed chords, showing off Freddie Mercury’s compositional sophistication and creativity. It’s evident that Mercury’s influence for this song came from various musical genres, including progressive rock, classical, and operatic music.

“Welcome to the Machine” by Pink Floyd is a progressive rock piece that features a rather minimalistic chord progression, with only one chord during the outro. The piece is characterized by its lush soundscape, synthesizer layering, and the use of sound effects to create an atmosphere of a mechanized world.

Adele – Set Fire To The Rain – Outro

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Chord Progression

[‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Dm’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Dm’, ‘F’, ‘G’]

Chord Progression Analysis

Here is the chord progression in the Outro:

– A minor (I)
– G major (VII)
– D minor (IV)
– A minor (I)
– G major (VII)
– A minor (I)
– G major (VII)
– D minor (IV)
– F major (VI)
– G major (VII)

The G Major (VII) chord is a borrowed chord from the parallel major (A Major), interesting that this chord is commonly found in pop music. Here’s code block for the borrowed chord:

“`
G Major (‘VII’)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

The Avril Lavigne song “When You’re Gone” follows a similar pattern:
– C major (I)
– G major (V)
– A minor (VI)
– F major (IV)

This progression structure of I-V-VI-IV shares similarities with the I-VII-IV-I-VII in ‘Set Fire to the Rain,’ with a major to minor chord shift emphasizing a melancholic tone.

John Legend’s “All of Me” is another example of similar progression:
– F major (I)
– G major (VII)
– A minor (III)
– G major (VII)

Again, the VII chord is typical for pop music and is borrowed from the parallel major, as with ‘Set Fire to the Rain.’ The arrangement is a bit different, but the overall mood conveys a similar emotional charge.

Musical Analysis

The Outro begins with an A minor chord, providing a moody, minor tonality. This begins a descending progression, where the chord roots decrease in pitch. The use of repetitions of ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Dm’, ‘Am’, ‘G’ serve to emphasize the somber and solemn tone of the song.

‘Set Fire To The Rain’ is known for its intense climax, and the D minor to F major shift signals the beginning of this climax. D minor and F major share two common tones (D and A), making this transition smooth but poignant. The progression from ‘Dm’, ‘F’, ‘G’ forms a common IV-VI-VII progression, which creates a sense of motion and tension, building up to the song’s dramatic conclusion.

Overall Analysis

“Set Fire To The Rain” is a song that largely follows the conventions of pop music, with its simple and repetitive chord progressions echoing those in many similar genres. The chord progression observed in the Outro is primarily a combination of minor and major chords that provide a melancholic and intense undertone to the song’s overall theme. The song is in the key of A minor and the chord progression in the Outro starts on the key’s root chord (‘Am’).

Style Analysis

The chord progression itself tends to lend ‘Set Fire To The Rain’ its signature expressively mournful and emotionally charged style. Adele’s songs are typically characterized by rich, expressive melodies over relatively simple but effective chord progressions. The chord choice fits with her soulful pop style, and the progression is in keeping with typical pop/rock and soul harmony.

Chords in the Outro section of Set Fire To The Rain by Adele are:

[‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Dm’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Am’, ‘G’, ‘Dm’, ‘F’, ‘G’]