Music Theory Alchemy

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“Closer” by Nine Inch Nails utilizes a relatively simple chord structure, which allows the song to establish a pervasive atmosphere and direct the listener’s focus on the lyrics and melodies. This piece is in the key of C minor, and the chord progression is cyclical in nature, with Verse 2 consisting of the repetition of Cm7 chord throughout.

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“Every Day Is Exactly The Same” by Nine Inch Nails is primarily composed in the key of E minor. The song consists of four sections: Verse 1, Chorus, Verse 2, and Bridge. The chord progressions in the song are relatively simple, with a distinct alternation between E and C chords in the verses, while the chorus and bridge sections feature a broader range of chords such as A, C, and G.

Chord Progression Analysis (Verse 2):
E minor (i), C major (VI), E minor (i), C major (VI), E minor (i), C major (VI), G major (III), F major (♭VII; borrowed chord from E Phrygian), E minor (i)

*G major (III) and F major (♭VII) are both non-diatonic chords in E minor, with the F major chord being borrowed from the E Phrygian mode.

“Tonight, Tonight” by The Smashing Pumpkins draws from the band’s unique style of alternative rock influenced by a distinct palette of harmonic choices. Particularly in the songwriting of Billy Corgan (the band’s primary songwriter), the band tends to use a mix of common and uncommon chords, together with a tendency of exploring different tonalities. Often, the chord changes are driven by guitar inversions, suspensions, or additions.

The chorus from Jeff Buckley’s rendition of “Hallelujah” in the key of C major beautifully demonstrates a diverse range of chords and harmonic techniques. The chord progression incorporates diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and some unexpected harmonic twists, all of which work together to create a sense of emotional depth and tension throughout the chorus.

“Have You Ever Seen The Rain” is a popular song by Creedence Clearwater Revival from the 1971 album “Pendulum”. This song is performed in the key of C major, and uses chords from the diatonic scale. However, it also utilizes borrowed chords and chord inversions to create a bit of colour and novelty.

Nine Inch Nails – Closer – Chorus

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Chord Progression

[‘F’, ‘F’, ‘F’, ‘F’, ‘Cm7’]

Chord Progression Analysis

Now, let’s break down the specific chords used in the chorus:

“`F Major (‘IV’)
C Minor 7 (‘i7’)“`

The F chord represents the IV (major fourth) in C minor key. A typical feature of pop music is the extensive use of borrowed chords, which are chords borrowed from the parallel major or minor scale. However, in this case, the F and Cm7 are both diatonic to (or naturally occurring in) the key of C minor – no borrowed chords here. The simplicity of this pattern brought by the repetition of F and the use of a single minor 7th chord adds to the hypnotic, transfixing quality of the song.

Similar Chord Progressions

The Taylor Swift song “Shake It Off” uses a similar progression, although in a different key, repeating the same chord for four measures (C/G) before switching to a minor 7th (Am7).

Shake It Off’s Chorus:

“`C/G Major (‘I’)
A Minor 7 (‘vi7’)“`

Bear in mind that the use of this progression and how it’s alike is only on a surface level – the genre, arrangement, and mood of these songs are highly distinctive.

Musical Analysis

The deliberate use of a mere two chords emphasizes droning and simplicity. It is indicative of the industrial genre which Nine Inch Nails represents. The chords are played on synthesizers, adding layers of sonic texture to them. This synthesizer-centered approach is a defining feature of most industrial and electronic music, which Nine Inch Nails helped to pioneer.

Overall Analysis

The chorus of “Closer” by Nine Inch Nails is built around a progression that oscillates between a single major chord, F, and a single minor seventh chord, Cm7. This is quite minimalistic. Major chords usually have a happy, positive feel, while minor chords induce a somewhat sad, introspective mood. The use of C minor 7th gives a particular color to the progression: it’s a minor chord with an added minor seventh, which means it’s a bit less stable than a regular minor chord.

Style Analysis

Nine Inch Nails’ style in “Closer” is intensified by the alternating pattern of two chords, establishing a steady backdrop for the lyrics and melody. This adds to the song’s atmosphere, a brooding yet vibrant setting. Nine Inch Nails is known for their aggressive, dark industrial sound, and “Closer”, despite its seemingly simple cornerstone, is no different.

Chords in the Chorus section of Closer by Nine Inch Nails are:

[‘F’, ‘F’, ‘F’, ‘F’, ‘Cm7’]