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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Yesterday” by The Beatles is a classic Pop song in F Major maintaining a 2/2 time signature. The song changes the chords frequently to create a rich harmonic texture, and is known for its iconic descending guitar melody.

“I Am The Walrus” is a composition by The Beatles in which the song varies in key and progressive elements, with fascinating uses of borrowed chords from parallel modes and chromatic bass motion. The melody resides predominantly within a pentatonic framework, frequently rotating around subversions. The Bridge section beautifully showcases Beatles’ experimentation with descending chord progression built around chromatic movement.

The chorus from Jeff Buckley’s rendition of “Hallelujah” in the key of C major beautifully demonstrates a diverse range of chords and harmonic techniques. The chord progression incorporates diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and some unexpected harmonic twists, all of which work together to create a sense of emotional depth and tension throughout the chorus.

“If You’re Wondering If I Want You To (I Want You To)” by Weezer has a chorus featuring a chord progression in the key of D major. The progression includes chords from both the major and minor scales while still primarily using diatonic chords from D major. The style of the progression is reminiscent of 90s alternative rock, and it finds similarity with other iconic chord progressions in rock music.

“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day, released in 2004, is an alt-rock anthem that largely follows a 4-chord progression throughout the song. The key signature of the song is E minor (derived from the root chord), and essentially all chords used in the song are diatonic, meaning they are derived from the scales of the key. The chorus shifts to a progression in C Major. However, it returns to E minor at the end.

The Beatles – Yesterday – Chorus

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Chord Progression

[‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’]

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
Em7 (‘VI min7’), A7 (‘II dom7’), Dm (‘VI min’), Dm/C (‘VI min/C’),
Bb (‘IV maj’), Gm (‘II min’), C (‘V maj’), F (‘I maj’),
Em7 (‘VI min7’), A7 (‘II dom7’), Dm (‘VI min’), Dm/C (‘VI min/C’),
Bb (‘IV maj’), Gm (‘II min’), C (‘V maj’), F (‘I maj’)
“`
In this progression, A7 and Dm/C are the borrowed chords. The A7 acts as a secondary dominant, which leads to Dm and provides an interesting shift in the tonal center, creating a sense of tension and release. The Dm/C is borrowed from F Lydian mode, creating a smooth bass descent.

Similar Chord Progressions

-“Someone Like You” by Adele:
[‘Dmaj’, ‘Bmin’, ‘F#min’, ‘Dmaj’, ‘Gmaj’, ‘Dmaj’, ‘Gmaj’, ‘Dmaj’]
-“Hotel California” by The Eagles:
[‘Bmin’, ‘F#’, ‘A’, ‘E’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘F#’]
Both of these songs also use a VI min chord and creating a similar sense of falling motion within the chord progression. Additionally, both songs also make use of a IV maj chord in a similar context to create a sense of resolution.

Musical Analysis

The progression begins and ends on the tonality of the song, F major, with a winding chromatic sequence in between that creates tension and release. The use of the borrowed chords A7 and Dm/C provides an unexpected shift in tonality, giving an element of surprise, and the shift from Dm to Bb and then to Gm creates a rich, mournful sound.

Overall Analysis

The song “Yesterday” by The Beatles is in the key of F major and spans chord I to VI. It is characterized by a deeply expressive melody and distinctive harmony. The chord progression seems simple, yet it makes full use of secondary dominants, borrowed chords, and subtly shifting tonal centers for narrative, which is a trademark of The Beatles’s songwriting style.

Style Analysis

The Beatles often made use of modal interchange and secondary dominants to add interest and depth to their chord progressions, and this song is no exception. The melody relies heavily on the notes of the underlying chords, giving the song a strong sense of harmonic progression.

Chords in the Chorus section of Yesterday by The Beatles are:

[‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’]