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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“A Hard Day’s Night” by The Beatles is a song that was unusually complex and beautifully experimental. It uses rarely seen chord structures that emphasize both traditional tonality and borrowed tones from outside the key signature. This song is an excellent example of Beatles-style blending of rock & roll and pop music with elements of classical chord progressions and harmonies. It is also a great example of how The Beatles stretched the boundaries of diatonic harmony.

The Beatles’ “Strawberry Fields Forever” is composed in the key of A Major, but utilizes a number of chord extensions and non-diatonic chords to create a dreamy, nostalgic soundscape fitting the song’s theme of reminiscing about childhood.

“Jolene” by Dolly Parton is a classic country song written in A minor. Its chord progression is an iconic reflection of the country and folk genres, and is a study of simplicity and effective songwriting.

The chord progression of “Jolene” uses primarily diatonic chords but also includes a borrowed chord which introduces a touch of complexity to the harmonic structure of the song.

“All You Need Is Love” is in the key of G major. The song primarily uses the chords within the key signature and has a relatively simple harmonic structure. However, the song does utilize a few distinct chord choices that contribute to its unique sonic character. The song applies modal interchange with an inclusion of A minor from the G Mixolydian mode and the D7 and D6 which evoke a hint of the D Mixolydian mode.

The chord progression in the verse of “Knights of Cydonia” by Muse features a mix of diatonic and borrowed chords, primarily from the G# minor and E major keys. The progression features an interesting blend of major and minor chords, chromatic movement, and modulation, contributing to the epic and powerful sound of the track.

The Beatles – A Hard Days Night – Verse

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Chord Progression

[‘G’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘G’]

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
G Major (‘I’)
C Major (‘IV’)
G Major (‘I’)
F Major (‘♭VII’) – Borrowed from the parallel minor
G Major (‘I’)
G Major (‘I’)
C Major (‘IV’)
G Major (‘I’)
F Major (‘♭VII’) – Borrowed from the parallel minor
G Major (‘I’)
C Major (‘IV’)
D Major (‘V’)
G Major (‘I’)
C Major (‘IV’)
G Major (‘I’)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

1. “Twist and Shout” (The Beatles)
“`
D Major (‘I’)
G Major (‘IV’)
A Major (‘V’)
D Major (‘I’)
“`
2. “Wild Thing” (The Troggs)
“`
A Major (‘I’)
D Major (‘IV’)
E Major (‘V’)
A Major (‘I’)
“`
3. “Three Little Birds” (Bob Marley)
“`
A Major (‘I’)
D Major (‘IV’)
E Major (‘V’)
A Major (‘I’)
“`

In the above progressions, the same I-IV-I-V pattern is used, but they don’t have the ‘bVII’ chord found in A Hard Day’s Night, making their transition smoother but perhaps not as distinctive or interesting.

Musical Analysis

The chord progression of “A Hard Day’s Night” verse plays around the I-IV chords with the addition of the ‘♭VII’ chord borrowed from the parallel minor of G major, which is G minor. This borrowing gives the song a distinctive, unexpected twist which is typically perceived as a key characteristic of Beatles’ songs, helping to give them an additional level of complexity.

Overall Analysis

“A Hard Day’s Night” by The Beatles, despite seeming to have a simple structure, is quite unique in its musical composition. The progression varies from standard rock, pop, and folk structure by integrating unique transitions and slightly unconventional chord choices.

Verse

Style Analysis

The Beatles, especially in their early years, often combined elements of rock-n-roll, British pop, and R&B, while ingeniously incorporating more unconventional elements into their songwriting. The ‘♭VII’ borrowed chord is a feature generally seen in blues music. Blues influence is observed in many Beatles songs, and this chord adds tension or surprise which soon resolves back to the tonic, creating a pleasurable musical experience.

Chords in the Verse section of A Hard Days Night by The Beatles are:

[‘G’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘G’]