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“Closer” by Nine Inch Nails, released in 1994, is a well-known song distinguished by its catchy synth lines, explosive percussion, and provocative lyricism. Hinged on a distinct, repeating synth bassline, the song employs a fundamental chord progression epitomizing the alternative rock and industrial genres. Its tonal centre revolves around the key of C# minor.

“Hurt”, written by Nine Inch Nails, exudes melancholy and despair through a slow progression that weaves intricate melodies between the chords. The tonality is primarily in B minor, but introduces D, E, A, and G chords throughout, indicating some mode mixture or borrowed chord use.

The chord progression in Kali Uchis’ “Loner” features a mix of major, minor, and augmented chords, which contributes to the song’s unique sound and emotional depth. The progression has an unconventional and intriguing quality, while still maintaining a sense of harmonic coherence.

Your Song, like many of Elton John’s pieces, is known for its prominent piano accompaniment and strong melodic hooks. The song is in the key of D Major, which is why the frequent return to the D Major chord provides the sense of home and finality in the piece.

“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day, released in 2004, is an alt-rock anthem that largely follows a 4-chord progression throughout the song. The key signature of the song is E minor (derived from the root chord), and essentially all chords used in the song are diatonic, meaning they are derived from the scales of the key. The chorus shifts to a progression in C Major. However, it returns to E minor at the end.

Nine Inch Nails – Closer – Chorus

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Chord Progression

C#, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, C#

Chord Progression Analysis

Chorus: C# Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – F# Major (V) – B minor (i) – C Major (bII) – C# Major (bII)

Borrowed Chords:

The C Major chord is a borrowed chord since it is from the parallel major key (B Major).

Similar Chord Progressions

1. “Hurt” by Nine Inch Nails (Trent Reznor): C Major (I) – D# diminished (viio) – E minor (iii) – A minor (vi) – G Major (V)

2. “Karma Police” by Radiohead: G Major (I) – B minor (iii) – F# minor (ii) – A Major (IV) – D Major (V)

3. “Creep” by Radiohead: G Major (I) – B Major (III) – C Major (IV) – C minor (iv)

While the chord progressions in these songs may not be identical to “Closer,” they share a similar use of borrowed chords, chromaticism, and modal mixture as a means of creating harmonic interest and tension. These qualities are typical of alternative rock and electronic music and contribute to the overall mood and atmosphere of the songs.

Musical Analysis

The chorus of “Closer” features a repeated chord progression with predominant use of the bII borrowed chord (C Major and C# Major). The progression revolves between the tonic (B minor), a dominant function (F# Major), and the bII chord, creating a sense of tension and resolution throughout the chorus. The use of borrowed chords adds a sense of color and variety to the overall harmonic structure.

Overall Analysis

“Closer” by Nine Inch Nails is a song in the key of B minor, although it freely borrows chords from the parallel major key. The song’s structure is as follows: Verse – Pre-Chorus – Chorus – Verse – Pre-Chorus – Chorus – Bridge – Chorus – Instrumental.

Style Analysis

In terms of style, “Closer” by Nine Inch Nails is an example of industrial rock with electronic elements. It is characterized by its use of synthesized sounds, gritty production, and aggressive lyrics. The incorporation of chromaticism, modal mixture, and borrowed chords is a defining feature in the harmonic vocabulary of the song, which contributes to its dark and dissonant musical atmosphere.

Chords in the Chorus section of Closer by Nine Inch Nails are:

C#, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, F#, B, C, C#