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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Closer” by Nine Inch Nails, released in 1994, is a well-known song distinguished by its catchy synth lines, explosive percussion, and provocative lyricism. Hinged on a distinct, repeating synth bassline, the song employs a fundamental chord progression epitomizing the alternative rock and industrial genres. Its tonal centre revolves around the key of C# minor.

“Something I Can Never Have” by Nine Inch Nails is a song with a dark and moody atmosphere. The chord progression in both the verse and chorus of the song features certain borrowed chords and chromatic tones that give the piece this distinctive quality. The song seems to be in the key of C Major, but certain chords from the parallel minor key (C Minor) are used to create a sense of tension and emotional turmoil.

“Creep” by Radiohead is a well-known song that features a fairly simple chord progression in its bridge. The progression is memorable for its fusion of diatonic and chromatic elements, creating a sense of tension and interest.

“When I Was Your Man” is a pop power ballad with a chord progression that tends to lean towards traditional pop and soul structures. It’s set in the key of C Major. However, the song has a few interesting deviations from the standard pop song structure.

“Good Vibrations” by The Beach Boys is highly complex and represents an exceptional use of harmonic structuring. The richness of the piece lies in Brian Wilson’s innovative and unpredictable songwriting, who was making significant use of modulation at the time, constantly shifting keys, in this case especially during the transition bridge.

Nine Inch Nails – Closer – Bridge

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Chord Progression

E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E

Chord Progression Analysis

Bridge – E Major (I), F# major (II), E Major (I), A major (IV), E Major (I), F# major (II), E Major (I), D# diminished (vii°), E Major (I)
Verse – B Major (V), C# minor (vi), B Major (V), C# minor (vi), G# minor (iii)
Pre-Chorus – Similar to verse
Chorus – C# minor (vi), F# major (II), B major (V), C diminished (ii°)
Instrumental – C# minor (vi)

Borrowed Chords:
The C diminished (ii°) chord in the chorus is borrowing from E harmonic minor.

Similar Chord Progressions

1. Radiohead – “Paranoid Android”
Verse – B major (I), C# minor (ii), G# minor (vi), E major (IV)
Chorus – F# major (V), B major (I), C# minor (ii)

2. Nirvana – “Smells Like Teen Spirit”
Verse – F# major (II), B major (V), G# minor (iii), E major (I)
Chorus – C# minor (vi), A major (IV), E major (I)

These examples share some overlapping chords and a similar harmonic structure, with alternating tension and release, contributing to the emotive qualities of each song.

Musical Analysis

The track employs a variety of rhythmic and tonal contrast to create a sense of tension and release. The verses showcase a frequent switch between the V and vi chords, creating a sense of instability and restlessness. The pre-chorus shares this quality, employing the same chords. The chorus departs slightly from this pattern, introducing the borrowed ii° chord for a heightened sense of tension. Finally, the bridge alternates between the I and II chords, providing a reprieve from the tension established in prior sections of the song.

Overall Analysis

Nine Inch Nails’ “Closer” is a unique blend of industrial rock, electronica, and alternative styles that has propelled the song to prominence as one of the band’s most famous and frequently played tracks. The song is in the key of E major and features a recurring chord progression throughout its various sections.

Style Analysis

Nine Inch Nails’ distinct industrial rock and electronic influences are evident in the heavy, distorted guitars and prominent synthesizers throughout “Closer.” The intricate drum patterns and use of atmospheric, processed sounds contribute to the overall aesthetic. Moreover, the chord progressions and melodic structure, especially the use of a borrowed chord in the chorus, lend a sense of unease and darkness, fitting of the band’s broader lyrical and thematic content.

Chords in the Bridge section of Closer by Nine Inch Nails are:

E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E, E, F#, E, A, E, F#, E, D#, E