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“Stairway to Heaven” is a progressive rock song by Led Zeppelin, released in 1971. The song showcases a movement between different styles and musical settings, as it starts with a gentle, fingerpicked acoustic section and gradually evolves into a powerful and climactic electric guitar solo, finishing with a full-band finale. The song is characterized by its ascending progression and intricate chord changes, which contribute to its unique and haunting atmosphere. The verse 1 chord progression features a blend of diatonic and chromatic elements, borrowed chords, and inversions, which create a sense of tension and resolution throughout the progression.

The chord progression for verse 3 of Led Zeppelin’s “Stairway to Heaven” utilizes multiple techniques to create a rich and emotive sound. These techniques include diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and extended harmony. The progression follows a general pattern, with a repeated structure that helps unify the verse.

The key of the song “Good Old Fashioned Lover Boy” by Queen is primarily in C Major. The song employs both diatonic chords (chords that naturally occur within the major scale key) and borrowed chords (chords from a parallel mode). There is a bit of modal mixture where the song borrows from an outside key, specifically the minor key, which is often used in pop music to add color and tension. You can see this in the use of some of the chords here like Fm and Eb7. The piece also utilizes secondary dominant chords and diminished chords. In the bridge, there is modulation to different keys, namely to Fm, which is a parallel minor of F, includes Eb7 (secondary dominant) and Ab (borrowed chord), and goes through sequence of V-I pattern (G7-C).

The song is in the key of A Major and it makes some interesting use of borrowed chords and modulations. The arrangement of the song is fairly typical rock/pop with a verse-chorus-bridge structure. The bridge utilizes a modulation to the relative minor key, F# minor.

Led Zeppelin – Stairway To Heaven – Bridge 1

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Chord Progression

Am7, D, Am7, Em/D, D, C/D, D, Am7, D, Am7, Em/D, D, C/D, D

Chord Progression Analysis

Am7 (vi7) – D (V/ii) – Am7 (vi7) – Em/D (ii6/5) – D (IV) – C/D (♭VII/IV) – D (IV) –
Am7 (vi7) – D (V/ii) – Am7 (vi7) – Em/D (ii6/5) – D (IV) – C/D (♭VII/IV) – D (IV)

Notes:

-Am7 is the sixth chord in the key of C Major, and Em/D is the second chord (with its fifth in the bass).

-The D chord that is seen throughout the progression is a secondary dominant, which is acting as the V chord leading to the ii (Em) chord.

-The C/D chord is a borrowed chord from the parallel minor key, C minor.

Similar Chord Progressions

1. Pink Floyd – “Shine On You Crazy Diamond”

Progression:

Am7 (vi7) – G (IV) – Em7 (ii7) – Am7 (vi7) – G (IV) – Em7 (ii7) – Dsus2 (viiø)

2. The Beatles – “While My Guitar Gently Weeps”

Progression:

Am (vi) – G (IV) – Am (vi) – C#m7b5 (iiø) – D (IV) – Em (III) – D (IV) – C (I)

3. Genesis – “Firth of Fifth”

Progression:

Cmaj7 (IΔ7) – D (IV) – Cmaj7 (IΔ7) – E7 (III7) – Dmaj7 (IVΔ7) – F (#IVΔ7) – D (IV) – C (I)

Musical Analysis

The chord progression of Bridge 1 displays a mix of rich harmonic colors and interesting movements that contribute to an emotional and expressive passage in the song. The constant alternation between Am7 and D creates a sense of tension and resolution that is maintained throughout the progression. The Em/D chord adds a smooth and sophisticated touch, with the major characteristic being the chromatic descending bass line that moves from D to C. This progression demonstrates Led Zeppelin’s exceptional musicianship and understanding of harmony in their songwriting.

Overall Analysis

The Bridge 1 of “Stairway to Heaven” by Led Zeppelin is a beautiful and intriguing chord progression that combines diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and chromatic passing tones. This progression is part of a longer musical composition which has gained immense popularity since its release in 1971 as part of their fourth album, and has become one of the most iconic songs in rock music history.

Style Analysis

Led Zeppelin was heavily influenced by blues, rock, and folk music. Their songs feature experimentation with various chord progressions and melodies, often drawing from their diverse musical background. “Stairway to Heaven” is a prime example of a song that seamlessly blends rock and acoustic sections, contributing to its complex and captivating nature. This particular chord progression showcases their versatility and depth as musicians.

Chords in the Bridge 1 section of Stairway To Heaven by Led Zeppelin are:

Am7, D, Am7, Em/D, D, C/D, D, Am7, D, Am7, Em/D, D, C/D, D