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Related Music Theory Alchemy

The outro of Jeff Buckley’s “Hallelujah” features a chord progression in the key of C Major. It includes common chords from the key, as well as some borrowed chords from the parallel minor key (C minor), which adds a level of tension and emotion to the progression. The outro has a cyclical nature, with the chords leading smoothly back into the beginning and building a sense of conclusion.

“Hallelujah” by Jeff Buckley is a popular and iconic song that showcases Jeff Buckley’s unique vocal talent and emotional delivery. The song is in the key of C major and features a simple yet effective chord progression. The song’s memorable melody is accompanied by guitar, which uses arpeggiated fingerpicking. This adds to its musical depth and also creates dynamic rhythmic interest. The song builds in intensity as it progresses, and this, along with the powerful lyrics, contributes to the overall emotional impact of the piece.

The chord progression of the chorus in Beck’s “Girl Acoustic” is relatively simple and straightforward, yet effective in creating a memorable and catchy tune. The song is in the key of A major, and the progression maintains a predominantly diatonic harmony.

“Bullet With Butterfly Wings” by The Smashing Pumpkins is an alternative rock song released in 1995. The song is in the key of E minor and primarily uses power chords derived from the E minor scale throughout the song. Power chords or ‘5’ chords, like B5 or G5, don’t have a major or minor quality and are often used in rock music for their strong and neutral sound. The song also applies modal mixture (borrowing chords from parallel keys) for color and tension.

The song “Ceilings” by Lizzy McAlpine is in the key of G Major, employing a mixture of major, minor, and additive chords to create a progression that lends itself to a pop/folk atmosphere. The song is largely composed of diatonic chords in the key of G Major, with an occasional use of a B7, which can be seen as a secondary dominant to Em.

Jeff Buckley – Hallelujah – Chorus

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Chord Progression

F, Am, F, C, G, C, Am, C, Am

Chord Progression Analysis

F Major (IV) – A minor (vi) – F Major (IV) – C Major (I) – G Major (V) – C Major (I) – A minor (vi) – C Major (I) – A minor (vi)

Similar Chord Progressions

“Hallelujah” has influenced many artists, and its chord progression can be found in several popular songs, albeit with slight variations.

1. “Let It Be” by The Beatles:
C Major (I) – G Major (V) – A minor (vi) – F Major (IV) – C Major (I) – G Major (V) – F Major (IV) – C Major (I)

2. “Someone Like You” by Adele:
A Major (IV) – E Major (I) – F# minor (vi) – D Major (II) – A Major (IV) – E Major (I) – F# minor (vi) – D Major (II)

While neither of these progressions is identical to that of “Hallelujah,” they both contain elements of the original, such as a strong emphasis on the IV and vi chords, and the alternation between I and V or I and II chords. This underscores the enduring impact of “Hallelujah” on contemporary popular music.

Musical Analysis

The chorus begins with an F Major chord (IV), which has a strong pull back to the tonic (C Major, I). The subsequent A minor (vi) then acts as a substitute for F Major and effectively prolongs the subdominant, creating a sense of suspension. The progression then returns to F Major (IV) and resolves to the tonic (C Major, I). This is followed by a standard V-I cadence (G Major to C Major), reinforcing the tonal center.

The progression concludes with a series of alternating A minor (vi) and C Major (I) chords. This strikes a balance between stability and instability, providing a satisfying conclusion. It is important to note that the entire progression is composed of diatonic chords that belong to the key of C Major; no borrowed chords are present.

Overall Analysis

The chorus from Jeff Buckley’s rendition of “Hallelujah” in the key of C major beautifully demonstrates a diverse range of chords and harmonic techniques. The chord progression incorporates diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and some unexpected harmonic twists, all of which work together to create a sense of emotional depth and tension throughout the chorus.

Style Analysis

The chord progression is rooted in the pop/rock idiom, and the simplicity of the chords themselves is reminiscent of various traditions within popular music, including folk and gospel. Though “Hallelujah” is a deeply emotional song, the chorus’ straightforward progression allows the listener to focus on the poignant lyrics and Jeff Buckley’s expressive performance.

Chords in the Chorus section of Hallelujah by Jeff Buckley are:

F, Am, F, C, G, C, Am, C, Am