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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Hallelujah” by Jeff Buckley is a well-known example of a poignant, introspective ballad with a mix of pop, folk, and gospel elements. It features intricate, emotionally evocative chord progressions that move beyond typical diatonic patterns and uses borrowed chords to create an emotionally charged atmosphere.

The outro of Jeff Buckley’s “Hallelujah” features a chord progression in the key of C Major. It includes common chords from the key, as well as some borrowed chords from the parallel minor key (C minor), which adds a level of tension and emotion to the progression. The outro has a cyclical nature, with the chords leading smoothly back into the beginning and building a sense of conclusion.

“In My Head” is a good example of the band’s signature style, combining elements of rock, punk, and alternative music. The usage of primary chords is fairly standard for rock music, but the inclusion of unexpected chords like G5 and D# adds a complex flavor to the progression making it notably unique amongst other songs within the genre.

“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day, released in 2004, is an alt-rock anthem that largely follows a 4-chord progression throughout the song. The key signature of the song is E minor (derived from the root chord), and essentially all chords used in the song are diatonic, meaning they are derived from the scales of the key. The chorus shifts to a progression in C Major. However, it returns to E minor at the end.

“It’s A Fire” by Portishead is a song characterized by its frequent modulations and use of borrowed chords, making it a considerable complexity in terms of harmony. It features transition from key centers and borrowed chords from other keys, which creates tension and resolution creating the signature moody and intense atmosphere Portishead is known for.

Jeff Buckley – Hallelujah – Chorus

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Chord Progression

F, Am, F, C, G, C, Am, C, Am

Chord Progression Analysis

F Major (IV) – A minor (vi) – F Major (IV) – C Major (I) – G Major (V) – C Major (I) – A minor (vi) – C Major (I) – A minor (vi)

Similar Chord Progressions

“Hallelujah” has influenced many artists, and its chord progression can be found in several popular songs, albeit with slight variations.

1. “Let It Be” by The Beatles:
C Major (I) – G Major (V) – A minor (vi) – F Major (IV) – C Major (I) – G Major (V) – F Major (IV) – C Major (I)

2. “Someone Like You” by Adele:
A Major (IV) – E Major (I) – F# minor (vi) – D Major (II) – A Major (IV) – E Major (I) – F# minor (vi) – D Major (II)

While neither of these progressions is identical to that of “Hallelujah,” they both contain elements of the original, such as a strong emphasis on the IV and vi chords, and the alternation between I and V or I and II chords. This underscores the enduring impact of “Hallelujah” on contemporary popular music.

Musical Analysis

The chorus begins with an F Major chord (IV), which has a strong pull back to the tonic (C Major, I). The subsequent A minor (vi) then acts as a substitute for F Major and effectively prolongs the subdominant, creating a sense of suspension. The progression then returns to F Major (IV) and resolves to the tonic (C Major, I). This is followed by a standard V-I cadence (G Major to C Major), reinforcing the tonal center.

The progression concludes with a series of alternating A minor (vi) and C Major (I) chords. This strikes a balance between stability and instability, providing a satisfying conclusion. It is important to note that the entire progression is composed of diatonic chords that belong to the key of C Major; no borrowed chords are present.

Overall Analysis

The chorus from Jeff Buckley’s rendition of “Hallelujah” in the key of C major beautifully demonstrates a diverse range of chords and harmonic techniques. The chord progression incorporates diatonic chords, borrowed chords, and some unexpected harmonic twists, all of which work together to create a sense of emotional depth and tension throughout the chorus.

Style Analysis

The chord progression is rooted in the pop/rock idiom, and the simplicity of the chords themselves is reminiscent of various traditions within popular music, including folk and gospel. Though “Hallelujah” is a deeply emotional song, the chorus’ straightforward progression allows the listener to focus on the poignant lyrics and Jeff Buckley’s expressive performance.

Chords in the Chorus section of Hallelujah by Jeff Buckley are:

F, Am, F, C, G, C, Am, C, Am