Music Theory Alchemy

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“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day is set in the key of E minor, and uses a recurrent sequence of four chords throughout the song: Em, G, D, and A. The prevalence of this progression endows the song with an air of melancholy, aligning with its lyrical themes of loneliness and disillusionment. These four chords create a harmonic loop that reflects the circulative narrative portrayed in the lyrics.

“Boulevard of Broken Dreams” by Green Day, released in 2004, is an alt-rock anthem that largely follows a 4-chord progression throughout the song. The key signature of the song is E minor (derived from the root chord), and essentially all chords used in the song are diatonic, meaning they are derived from the scales of the key. The chorus shifts to a progression in C Major. However, it returns to E minor at the end.

The song “Rocky Raccoon” by The Beatles features a intriguing chord progression typically employed in blues and folk music that creates a captivating storytelling-style musical framework. The verse using the provided chords weaves an interesting tale via major and minor fluctuations giving an emotional depth to the lyrics.

“Maxwell’s Silver Hammer” by The Beatles features a popular song structure and a mix of common chord progression techniques. The distinct progressions within the verse repeat throughout the song, but the chords and structures themselves are fairly common within rock and pop music. It mixes the standard I-IV-V (in this case, D-A-G) progression with the ii-V-I progression (in this case, Em-A-D), both of which are staples of songwriting in a variety of genres.

“Stairway to Heaven” by Led Zeppelin is recognized for its use of modal interchange, specifically borrowing chords from the parallel minor, and its distinct way of blending rock and folk music elements. This piece is in the key of A minor and the chord progression in Verse 5 is simple but quite effective.

Green Day – Boulevard Of Broken Dreams – Verse 5

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Chord Progression

[‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’]

Chord Progression Analysis

E minor (i)
G major (III)
D major (VII)
A major (‘IV/iv) — this is a borrowed chord from the parallel major key.

Similar Chord Progressions

The chord progression Em-G-D-A is often seen in many pop and rock genres due to its simple yet effective harmonic movement. Some notable examples can be found in songs like:

“Telephone Line” by Electric Light Orchestra
Verse: [‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’]

“Can’t Stop” by Red Hot Chili Peppers
Verse: [‘Em’, ‘B’, ‘D’, ‘A’]

While these are not exactly the same as the progression used by Green Day, they have a similar structure and feel.

Musical Analysis

When examining the first few measures of the song, the constant alternation between Em and G establishes a strong i-III progression in the verses. This progression creates a striking back-and-forth in tonality. Following this, the D major and A major chords provide pleasant harmonic diversity and help the progression avoid sounding too monotonous. Although the A major is a borrowed chord from the parallel major key, it still fits in the overall tonality of the song without creating an awkward transition.

Overall Analysis

This song, “Boulevard Of Broken Dreams”, is arguably one of Green Day’s most iconic hits off their album “American Idiot”. Musically, it is set in the key of E minor, with an intermediate tempo. Its chord progression is simple but effective, proven by the song’s tremendous success.

Style Analysis

Green Day’s style is characterized by its alternative rock sound, fused with punk rock. Dominated by short predictable sequences, their chord progressions lay a solid foundation for melody and lyrics, allowing them to explore variations in other elements of the song.

Chords in the Verse 5 section of Boulevard Of Broken Dreams by Green Day are:

[‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘A’]