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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Yesterday” by The Beatles showcases the innovative use of chord progressions that the group is known for. This song, unlike their other songs, includes borrowed chords and numerous secondary dominant chords. It also uses their favored approach of mixing chords from parallel major and minor scales, hence creating a ‘blended’ modal effect.

Moreover, it uses a mixolydian ♭7 in the main chord sequence, which is quite a popular trick among songwriters for shifting the tonic of a song.

“Penny Lane” by The Beatles is a pop rock song released in 1967. Musically, the track displays characteristics of the “Baroque pop” style combine with psychedelic pop. The composition is multifaceted with complex chord progressions inspired by classical music, as well as elements of the British music hall style, specifically brass band influences throughout.

The chord progression for Radiohead’s “All I Need” chorus features a simple and repetitive structure, with a strong emphasis on the tonic (C major) and its relative minor (E minor). The progression then ends with a brief move to the dominant (G major), before returning to the tonic. This accessible sequence reflects the song’s emotional vulnerability and simplicity, while also showcasing the band’s ability to create emotional depth in their music.

“If You’re Wondering If I Want You To (I Want You To)” by Weezer has a chorus featuring a chord progression in the key of D major. The progression includes chords from both the major and minor scales while still primarily using diatonic chords from D major. The style of the progression is reminiscent of 90s alternative rock, and it finds similarity with other iconic chord progressions in rock music.

“Creep” by Radiohead is an alternative rock song in the key of G major, with a somewhat melancholic tone. The chord progression used is iconic, and it heavily relies on borrowed chords to create tension and resolution in the harmony. This use of chords creates a distinct sound that has become synonymous with the song.

The Beatles – Yesterday – Chorus

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Chord Progression

[‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’]

Chord Progression Analysis

“`
Em7 (‘VI min7’), A7 (‘II dom7’), Dm (‘VI min’), Dm/C (‘VI min/C’),
Bb (‘IV maj’), Gm (‘II min’), C (‘V maj’), F (‘I maj’),
Em7 (‘VI min7’), A7 (‘II dom7’), Dm (‘VI min’), Dm/C (‘VI min/C’),
Bb (‘IV maj’), Gm (‘II min’), C (‘V maj’), F (‘I maj’)
“`
In this progression, A7 and Dm/C are the borrowed chords. The A7 acts as a secondary dominant, which leads to Dm and provides an interesting shift in the tonal center, creating a sense of tension and release. The Dm/C is borrowed from F Lydian mode, creating a smooth bass descent.

Similar Chord Progressions

-“Someone Like You” by Adele:
[‘Dmaj’, ‘Bmin’, ‘F#min’, ‘Dmaj’, ‘Gmaj’, ‘Dmaj’, ‘Gmaj’, ‘Dmaj’]
-“Hotel California” by The Eagles:
[‘Bmin’, ‘F#’, ‘A’, ‘E’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘Em’, ‘F#’]
Both of these songs also use a VI min chord and creating a similar sense of falling motion within the chord progression. Additionally, both songs also make use of a IV maj chord in a similar context to create a sense of resolution.

Musical Analysis

The progression begins and ends on the tonality of the song, F major, with a winding chromatic sequence in between that creates tension and release. The use of the borrowed chords A7 and Dm/C provides an unexpected shift in tonality, giving an element of surprise, and the shift from Dm to Bb and then to Gm creates a rich, mournful sound.

Overall Analysis

The song “Yesterday” by The Beatles is in the key of F major and spans chord I to VI. It is characterized by a deeply expressive melody and distinctive harmony. The chord progression seems simple, yet it makes full use of secondary dominants, borrowed chords, and subtly shifting tonal centers for narrative, which is a trademark of The Beatles’s songwriting style.

Style Analysis

The Beatles often made use of modal interchange and secondary dominants to add interest and depth to their chord progressions, and this song is no exception. The melody relies heavily on the notes of the underlying chords, giving the song a strong sense of harmonic progression.

Chords in the Chorus section of Yesterday by The Beatles are:

[‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘Em7’, ‘A7’, ‘Dm’, ‘Dm/C’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’]