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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Here Comes The Sun” by The Beatles, composed by George Harrison, features a complex and stylistically unique chord progression. The song is primarily in the key of D major, with elements of modal interchange (also known as borrowed chords) from both the parallel minor key (D minor) and other modes, including the Mixolydian mode.

The song “Penny Lane” written by the Beatles is in the key of A major. The structure of Verse 4, specifically, has a very effective use of both diatonic (belonging naturally to the key) and borrowed chords (taken from a different key or mode). They have incorporated secondary dominants, pivot modulation, and modal interchange which reflect their knowledge of musical theory and compositional skills.

“Today” by The Smashing Pumpkins, was released in 1993 on their second album, “Siamese Dream.” The song is classic-’90s alternative rock with its layered guitars and emotionally raw lyrics. key is “E minor.”

“Roads” by Portishead is set in the key of Am, also known as A minor. In the verse, there is an interesting use of the flat major 7 (Fmaj7) chord. This chord is not typically found within the natural minor key but is considered a borrowed chord from the A major key. Thus, this use of said borrowed chord and its resolution to the E7 dominants gives the song a unique feel, contributing to its mesmerizing and emotive ambience. Portishead tends to blend the use of A minor and A Dorian modality in their music, especially apparent in this composition.

“Closer” by Nine Inch Nails works within a minimalist musical framework, where a few shiftless chords and tension-filled pentatonic melodies define the song. It inculcates a dark atmospheric mood through its instrumentation and harmony. The repetitive and consistent use of the Cm7 chord creates a haunting, pulsating groove that add to the atmospheric layer of the song.

The Beatles – Here Comes The Sun – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

[‘D’, ‘Dsus2’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘A7sus4’, ‘D’, ‘Dsus4’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘A7sus4’]

Chord Progression Analysis

Here’s the chord breakdown:

– D Major (I)
– Dsus2 (Isus2)
– D Major (I)
– G Major (IV)
– A7 (V7)
– A7sus4 (V7sus4)
– D Major (I)
– Dsus4 (Isus4)
– D Major (I)
– G Major (IV)
– A7 (V7)
– A7sus4 (V7sus4)

The Dsus2 and Dsus4 chords are primarily used as embellishing chords, giving a fresh twist to the music. They add a layer of intrigue and emphasize the change that’s being sung about. The A7sus4 acts as a colorful way to set up tension and resolution in the progression.

Similar Chord Progressions

The progression in “Here Comes The Sun” echoes other pieces by The Beatles and many artists in pop and folk music. An example is “Don’t Look Back in Anger” by Oasis:

Verse: [‘C’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘G’, ‘Am’, ‘E7sus4’, ‘Am7’, ‘G’] translates to:

– C Major (I)
– F Major (IV)
– C Major (I)
– G Major (V)
– A minor (vi)
– E7sus4 (iii7sus4)
– A minor7 (vi7)
– G Major (V)

This progression similarly uses major and suspended chords to lend tension, color, and movement to the music. The sus4 chords are characteristic to Oasis’ sound and commonly found in pop, rock and country music. The use of minor chords and sevenths makes the progression less predictable and more emotionally varied compared to Here Comes The Sun.

Musical Analysis

The song employs hooks using Dsus2 and Dsus4 to create a melodic drive in the repeating motif. The IV (G Major) and V7 (A7) chords give a traditional sense of tension and release, providing motion to the music. The use of A7sus4 before transitioning to the core D Major reinforces the movement in the composition.

Overall Analysis

“Here Comes The Sun” by The Beatles uses a D Major scale. The song primarily comprises chords built on the tonic or root note (D), which lends a consistent, grounded feel. This reflects the lyrics’ mood—contentment, renewed optimism, and a sense of homecoming with the arrival of the sun.

Style Analysis

“Here Comes The Sun” exemplifies the Beatles’ imaginative mix of traditional and improvisational style elements. In this case, it uses predominantly major and suspended chords in a fresh, ingenious combination. This compositional approach, using simple harmonies with slight variations (like suspensions), lends an upbeat and reaffirming character to the piece, which goes with the context of the lyrics.

Chords in the Verse 1 section of Here Comes The Sun by The Beatles are:

[‘D’, ‘Dsus2’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘A7sus4’, ‘D’, ‘Dsus4’, ‘D’, ‘G’, ‘A7’, ‘A7sus4’]