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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Across The Universe” by The Beatles, written mostly by John Lennon, is known for its rich and complex harmonic structures that added new dimensions to pop music. The song is predominately in the key of D major, with occasional borrowings from the parallel minor (D minor) and the closely-related key of B minor. The verse 1 progression – D, Bm, F#m, Em7, A, A7, D, Bm, F#m, Em7, Gm – creates an affectingly melancholic mood through its mix of major, minor and borrowed chords, producing a unique ambience that evokes a sense of cosmic contemplation, matching with the philosophical lyrics of the song.

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The song, ‘Across the Universe’ by The Beatles is uniquely complex in its melody and chord progression. The song modulates or shifts key but is rooted mainly in D major. The song utilizes the standard rock/pop song structure of Verse, Chorus, and Outro. The unusual facet of this song’s composition is the use of borrowed chords (non-diatonic chords) that add unexpected twists to an otherwise typical chord progression.

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The verse of “Tiny Dancer” by Elton John is generally in the key of C major (with some temporary modulations) and features a varied and interesting chord progression that is indicative of Elton John’s complex, piano-driven musical style.

“Today” by The Smashing Pumpkins is in E minor key. The song is from the album Siamese Dream, which most perfectly represents the band’s sound leaning heavily on crunchy guitars and raw power chords. Your requested verse only includes the chord progression ‘Em’, ‘G’, ‘B’ repeated 4 times.

“When Doves Cry” by Prince shows the artist’s flair for the unusual. While the song is primarily in A minor, Prince takes liberties with creating unexpected shifts in harmony, which gives the song its unique character. The song revolves around five chords: Am, G, Em, F, and G, repeated throughout the verse. This circular progression offers a sense of continuity, yet Prince’s interpretation and arrangement create a sense of unpredictability.

The Beatles – Across The Universe – Verse 2

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Chord Progression

[‘D’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#m’, ‘Em7’, ‘A’, ‘A7’, ‘D’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#m’, ‘Em7’, ‘A’, ‘A7’]

Chord Progression Analysis

Here is the chord progression for Verse 2:

1. D Major (I)
2. B minor (vi)
3. F# minor (iii)
4. E minor 7 (ii7)
5. A Major (V)
6. A7 (V7)
7. D Major (I)
8. B minor (vi)
9. F# minor (iii)
10. E minor 7 (ii7)
11. A Major (V)
12. A7 (V7)

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E minor 7 is a borrowed chord from the parallel minor key (D minor).
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Similar Chord Progressions

Elton John’s “Your Song” features a similar chord progression:

1. Eb Major (I)
2. Bb minor (v)
3. G# minor (iii)
4. F minor 7 (ii7)
5. Bb Major (V)
6. Bb7 (V7)

The Police’s “Every Breath You Take” also shows a similar progression:

1. G Major (I)
2. E minor (vi)
3. B minor (iii)
4. A minor 7 (ii7)
5. D Major (IV)
6. D7 (IV7)

Musical Analysis

The progression starts with the tonic chord D major, providing a grounded, peaceful opening. It then progresses to B minor, the relative minor of D, adding a hint of sadness.

F# minor is the mediant chord, which often feels somewhat ambiguous due to its placement between the tonic and subdominant. Following F# minor is E minor 7, a borrowed chord from D minor that enhances the melancholy mood.

This progression concludes with a perfect cadence A Major to A7, exerting a strong pull back to the key’s tonic chord, D Major. This movement creates an emotional resolution after the melancholic journey through the previous chords.

Overall Analysis

Across the Universe by The Beatles is a melancholic, introspective piece set in the key of D major, imbuing an overall sound spectrum that’s somber with a hint of hopeful resolution. The chord progression utilizes both diatonic and borrowed chords, making it both unusual and interesting.

Style Analysis

Featuring a mix of major and minor as well as borrowed chords, this progression is characteristic of The Beatles’ ability to blend simple melodic elements with sophisticated harmonic techniques. The use of the borrowed chord (Em7) from the parallel minor key is a common Beatles’ trick to add colour, tension, and emotional depth, keeping the audience guessing.

Chords in the Verse 2 section of Across The Universe by The Beatles are:

[‘D’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#m’, ‘Em7’, ‘A’, ‘A7’, ‘D’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#m’, ‘Em7’, ‘A’, ‘A7’]