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Related Music Theory Alchemy

The song “Don’t Let the Sun Go Down on Me” by Elton John is brilliantly harmonized, showcasing the great musical arrangement skills of John at his best. Primarily, the song is based in the key of C Major and uses a variety of moving bass lines over mostly diatonic chords in the verses and choruses. There are some key modulations and borrowed chords that give the harmony a rich and complex quality which sets it apart from many contemporary pop songs.

Verse

“In My Life” by The Beatles is in A Major key, and it makes use of both diatonic and non-diatonic chords. The song is notable for its use of various chord trickery such as modal borrowing, secondary dominant, and chromatic bass movement. Additionally, the song is filled with the Beatles’ signatures: a mix of major and minor chords and the use of the VI-IV progression.

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“Sorry Seems To Be The Hardest Word” is a song by Elton John written in the key of G major. However, the tonal center of this song fluctuates between G major and its relative minor, Em. Sensitive to the modality of the melody, Elton incorporates “color” via his diverse chord selections. The harmonic movement in this song is richly chromatic, creating a sense of tension and release that intensifies the melancholic aura of the lyrics.

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“Yes I’m Changing” by Tame Impala uses a repetitive chord progression throughout the majority of the song, alternating primarily between the chords C, Csus2, Cadd9, Am, F, and G. This pattern is characterized by constant resolution with the tonic of the key, C Major. However, the progression occasionally diverges from the typical diatonic pattern by introducing a G Major chord, which is a V chord in the C Major scale.

George Michael – Dont Let The Sun Go Down On Me – Intro

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Chord Progression

[‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘C/G’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘D7/F#’, ‘C/G’, ‘Gsus4’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Dm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Gsus’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘C/G’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘C/G’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘D7/F#’, ‘C/G’, ‘Gsus4’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Dm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Gsus’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘C/G’, ‘F’, ‘Ab’, ‘Bb’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘D7/F#’, ‘C/G’, ‘Gsus4’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Dm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Gsus’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Ab’, ‘Bb’, ‘C’]

Chord Progression Analysis

The progression in the key of C major can be represented as follows:

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G (V), F (IV), C (I), F (IV), G (V), G (V), F (IV), C (I), F (IV), G (V), G (V), F (IV), C (I), F (IV), G (V),
G (V), F (IV), C (I), F (IV), C/G (I), G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), D7/F# (V7/ii), C/G (I), Gsus4 (Vsus4),
G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), Dm7 (ii7), Em (iii), Gsus (Vsus), G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV),
C/G (I), F (IV), G (V), F (IV), C (I), F (IV), G (V), G (V), F (IV), C (I), F (IV), C/G (I), G (V), C (I),
C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), D7/F# (V7/ii), C/G (I), Gsus4 (Vsus4), G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), Dm7 (ii7),
Em (iii), Gsus (Vsus), G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), C/G (I), F (IV), Ab (bVI), Bb (bVII), C (I), C (I),
C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), D7/F# (V7/ii), C/G (I), Gsus4 (Vsus4), G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), Dm7 (ii7),
Em (iii), Gsus (Vsus), G (V), C (I), C/Bb (bII), F/A (IV), Ab (bVI), Bb (bVII), C (I).
“`

Borrowed Chords:
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‘C/Bb (bII)’, ‘Ab (bVI)’, ‘Bb (bVII)’
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These are examples of borrowed chords, as they derive from the parallel minor scale (here C minor), which is a common technique used in pop songs to add color to a progression.

Similar Chord Progressions

The V – IV – I – IV progression is very common in pop music. It can be found in countless songs, here are a few examples:
– “Let It Be” by The Beatles: C (I), G (V), Am (vi), F (IV)
– “No Woman No Cry” by Bob Marley: C (I), G (V), Am (vi), Fmaj7 (IV)

The use of borrowed chords can also be seen in songs like:
– “Creep” by Radiohead: G (I), B (III), C (IV), Cm (iv)
– “Every Breath You Take” by The Police: G (I), Em (vi), Bm (iii), C (IV), G (I)

Musical Analysis

The progression follows a fairly common pop pattern of lingering around the I – IV – V area for the majority of the time, but it adds interest with the introduction of the borrowed II˚ chord and the V7/ii secondary dominant. Including the borrowed chords from C minor adds a touch of color and tension that the song resolves in a satisfying manner.

Overall Analysis

“Don’t Let The Sun Go Down On Me” by George Michael displays a sophisticated use of common-pop progression with some borrowed chords and secondary dominants. The progression displays the pop and soul music influence, with its powerful use of dominant and subdominant movements.

Style Analysis

“Don’t Let The Sun Go Down On Me” is a monumental power ballad, and this progression supports that style. It’s got the grandeur and positive energy of pop, underscored by a soulful edge that’s reinforced by the clever chord choices.

Chords in the Intro section of Dont Let The Sun Go Down On Me by George Michael are:

[‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘C/G’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘D7/F#’, ‘C/G’, ‘Gsus4’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Dm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Gsus’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘C/G’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘G’, ‘F’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘C/G’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘D7/F#’, ‘C/G’, ‘Gsus4’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Dm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Gsus’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘C/G’, ‘F’, ‘Ab’, ‘Bb’, ‘C’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘D7/F#’, ‘C/G’, ‘Gsus4’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Dm7’, ‘Em’, ‘Gsus’, ‘G’, ‘C’, ‘C/Bb’, ‘F/A’, ‘Ab’, ‘Bb’, ‘C’]