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Related Music Theory Alchemy

“Goodbye Yellow Brick Road” is a song written by Elton John that features a complex chord progression that effectively complements the haunting and nostalgic quality of the song’s lyrics. The primary key of the song is D major, while parts of the progression borrow from both the parallel minor (D minor) and the relative minor (B minor). The use of these borrowed chords adds harmonic interest and enhances the song’s evocative, wistful mood.

“Sorry Seems to Be The Hardest Word” is in the key of E minor and shifts to the relative major (G major) at various points, it demonstrates Elton John’s mastery of the line between major and minor keys. It’s a melancholic song with a moderate tempo. The use of both minor and major chords in Elton John’s progression signifies the tension and release in the song’s melody and lyrics.

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“Let It Be” is one of The Beatles’ most popular songs and features a primarily major tonality (C Major), giving it its iconic uplifting and inspiring quality. The song’s chord progression is quite standard in terms of pop/rock music, yet it does include some interesting elements like inversions and a 7th chord to add variety and emotional depth.

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‘Set Fire to the Rain’ is written in the key of D minor. The main course of progression uses the chords of Dm, B-flat Major, F Major and C Major. This is a 6-4-1-5 progression, which is very popular and is used in a lot of pop music.

What makes this progression interesting is that Adele uses the 2nd inversion of the A minor chord, Am/B, and G/A, which gives it a unique timbre. `Am/B` is the 2nd inversion of the `Am` chord and `G/A` is the 2nd inversion of the `G` chord.

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The song “Hurt” by Nine Inch Nails mainly consists of a six-chord progression (Bm, G, D, A, Bm, G), repeating four times in the chorus. The sixth repetition alters the ending (Bm, G, A, B), and the key of the song is B Minor.

Elton John – Goodbye Yellow Brick Road – Chorus

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Chord Progression

[‘D’, ‘F#7’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘B7’, ‘Em’, ‘A’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#’, ‘G’, ‘Bb’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Bm’, ‘Bm7’, ‘G’, ‘A’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘A’, ‘D’]

Chord Progression Analysis

Here we will provide a musical analysis of the chord progression in the chorus:

“`
D Major (I)
F# Dominant Seventh (III7)
G Major (IV)
D Major (I)
B Dominant Seventh (VI7)
E Minor (ii)
A Major (V)
D Major (I)
A Major (V)
B Minor (vi)
F# Major (III)
G Major (IV)
B flat Major (‘borrowed chord’ bVI)
C Major (‘borrowed chord’ bVII)
D Major (I)
A Major (V)
B Minor (vi)
B Minor Seventh (vi7)
G Major (IV)
A Major (V)
G Minor (‘borrowed chord’ iv)
C Major (‘borrowed chord’ bVII)
F Major (‘borrowed chord’ bIII)
B flat Major (‘borrowed chord’ bVI)
G Minor (‘borrowed chord’ iv)
A Major (V)
D Major (I)
“`

Similar Chord Progressions

Many songs share similar chord progressions to “Goodbye Yellow Brick Road,” for example, “Let It Be” by The Beatles. The chord progression in its chorus is as follows:

“`
C Major (I)
G Major (V)
A Minor (vi)
F Major (IV)
C Major (I)
G Major (V)
F Major (IV)
C Major (I)
“`

While simpler than John’s song, “Let It Be” similarly employs diatonic and borrowed chords to create tension and resolution in its progression, evoke emotion, and drive the song’s narrative arc.

Musical Analysis

The use of dominant seventh and borrowed chords creates tension and resolution within the progression and drives the emotional trajectory of the song.

Overall Analysis

“Goodbye Yellow Brick Road,” written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin, is characterized by a lush, cinematic melody that encapsulates John’s knack for crafting pop ballad choruses. Its base key is D Major, showcasing a mix of diatonic, dominant seventh, and borrowed chords. Its diverse chord progression is reflective of Elton John’s diverse influences, which include pop, rock, blues, and classical music.

Style Analysis

Elton John’s style is distinct for its blend of pop, rock, and classical influences. In “Goodbye Yellow Brick Road,” these influences manifest in the song’s complex chord progression and lush, emotive melody. The use of borrowed chords is also a hallmark of blues and jazz, evidencing these genres’ influence on John’s style.

Chords in the Chorus section of Goodbye Yellow Brick Road by Elton John are:

[‘D’, ‘F#7’, ‘G’, ‘D’, ‘B7’, ‘Em’, ‘A’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Bm’, ‘F#’, ‘G’, ‘Bb’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘A’, ‘Bm’, ‘Bm7’, ‘G’, ‘A’, ‘Gm’, ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘Bb’, ‘Gm’, ‘A’, ‘D’]