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Related Music Theory Alchemy

The chorus of Pink Floyd’s “Comfortably Numb” is a perfect example of their signature sound, combining both rock and progressive elements. The harmonic structure is simple yet effective, providing a sense of resolution and stability throughout the progression. This, combined with the smooth melodic lines, gives listeners a feeling of being “comfortably numb.”

The given chord progression is from the verse of Pink Floyd’s “Breathe,” a song from their 1973 album, “The Dark Side of the Moon.” The progression consists of alternating Em and A7 chords throughout the entire verse. This creates a sense of movement and tension between the chords while also being relatively simple and repetitive. The harmonic back-and-forth between these two chords gives the song a dreamy and immersive quality that is a signature sound of Pink Floyd’s style.

This iconic Britpop song predominantly features the use of traditional tonal harmony found in pop songs throughout the late 20th century, and the verse specifically recalls the harmonic patterns utilized in the 1950s and 60s. The defining feature of this song (as is the case with many Oasis tunes) is the use of returning, resounding repetitions of simple chord sequences.

The chord progression in the verse of “Congratulations” by MGMT is an interesting blend of conventional pop and classical harmonies with some use of borrowed chords. The progression features mostly diatonic chords in the key of G major, but there are moments of modal interchange and suspensions that add color and tension to the progression.

“Iris” by Goo Goo Dolls is a song in the key of D Major, and uses a very common pop/rock chord progression. The sheer repetition of the progression throughout the verse establishes a solid harmonic background upon which the melody can freely roam. Chords include the primary triads (I, IV, V) which are D, G, A, minor variations of the secondary triads (ii, iii, vi), which are Em, F#m, Bm.

Pink Floyd – Comfortably Numb – Verse 1

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Chord Progression

Bsus2, Bm, A, G, G/F#, Em, Bm, Bsus2, Bm, A, G, G/F#, Em, Bm, Bsus2, Bm, A, G, G/F#, Em, Bm

Chord Progression Analysis

Bsus2 (ii), Bm (i), A (VII), G (VI), G/F# (VI/3), Em (iv), Bm (i), Bsus2 (ii), Bm (i), A (VII), G (VI), G/F# (VI/3), Em (iv), Bm (i), Bsus2 (ii), Bm (i), A (VII), G (VI), G/F# (VI/3), Em (iv), Bm (i)

Borrowed Chords:
`G (VI)` – Borrowed from the B Ionian mode.

Similar Chord Progressions

1. Radiohead – “Exit Music (For a Film)”
Em (i), Bm (v), G (III), G/F# (III/3), Am (iv), D (VII), A (V), E (VI)

2. The Beatles – “While My Guitar Gently Weeps”
Am (i), Am/G (i/3), Am/F# (i/6), Am/F (iv), G (VII), D (IV), E (V), Fmaj7 (VI), G (VII)

3. Led Zeppelin – “Stairway to Heaven”
Am (i), G#dim (iidim), Am7 (i7), Am/G (i/3), D/F# (IV/3), Fmaj7 (VI), Am (i), G (VII)

These examples showcase the use of non-diatonic chords, modal interchange, and similar elements present in the chord progression of “Comfortably Numb” by Pink Floyd. It is essential to note that while there are similarities in the progressions, each artist has their methods and techniques for creating a unique sound.

Musical Analysis

The chord progression of “Comfortably Numb” incorporates various elements that contribute to its distinctive sound. Among these is the frequent use of the Bm and Bsus2 chords, which emphasizes the melancholic atmosphere of the song. The use of Dorian mode-inspired chords like Em (iv), A (VII), and G (VI) also adds to the unique character of the song by creating a slight deviation from the more conventional sound of the B Aeolian mode.

The inclusion of the borrowed G (VI) chord adds color to the overall sound of the progression and helps maintain the listener’s interest throughout the song. The G/F# (VI/3) chord introduces an ascending bass line that adds some movement and direction to the progression.

Overall Analysis

“Comfortably Numb” by Pink Floyd is a classic progressive rock song from their 1979 concept album “The Wall”. It features unique chord progressions, ambient guitar tones, and an atmospheric vocal performance. This particular verse progression is inspired by the Dorian mode, contributing to its melancholic and introspective atmosphere.

Style Analysis

Notably, the chord progression found in “Comfortably Numb” is not fully diatonic, which is typical of progressive rock. The blend of modal and non-modal chords is a hallmark of Pink Floyd’s style, creating an ethereal and contemplative atmosphere that complements their lyrics and themes. The juxtaposition of complex harmonies, along with ambient guitar tones, creates a sense of tension and release throughout the piece.

Chords in the Verse 1 section of Comfortably Numb by Pink Floyd are:

Bsus2, Bm, A, G, G/F#, Em, Bm, Bsus2, Bm, A, G, G/F#, Em, Bm, Bsus2, Bm, A, G, G/F#, Em, Bm