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“When I Was Your Man” by Bruno Mars is in the key of C major. It is a ballad with a piano-led instrumentation, backed by Bruno’s powerful and emotive vocals. The melody and chords are relatively simple, but the lingering tone and the poignant lyrics create an emotionally resonant track. A common feature in this piece, as well as many pop songs in general, is the use of borrowed chords.

“When I Was Your Man” is a pop power ballad with a chord progression that tends to lean towards traditional pop and soul structures. It’s set in the key of C Major. However, the song has a few interesting deviations from the standard pop song structure.

The song “The Outsider” by A Perfect Circle has a main key signature of E major, as indicated by the repeated occurrences of the chords B, A, and E. The overall structure is tonal, using chords common in Western music. Some elements of modality are observable though, with the use of the C chord, which in traditional music theory would be considered a borrowed chord from the parallel E minor scale. A sense of tension and release is created through the use of these non-diatonic chords, which ultimately helps to maintain the listener’s interest.

The song seems to have a psychedelic pop/rock vibe reminiscing of the late ’60s and ’70s. The use of major seventh chords and repeated shifting between E Major and D Major hints at a sense of yearning and nostalgia, something that is commonly found in Tame Impala’s music.

The song “Closer” by Nine Inch Nails is in the key of B major. The primary chords used throughout the song are: B major (I), C# major (II), G major (bVI), E major (IV), F# major (V), and C (bII). The chords progression is unconventional when compared to traditional music theory. This unconventional use of chords and progressions creates a unique and distinct sound that characterizes the song.

Chord Analysis (Pre-Chorus):

The chord progression in the pre-chorus, which is also found in the verse, would be:
B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – G major (bVI) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – G major (bVI) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – G major (bVI) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II) – B major (I) – C# major (II)

Borrowed Chord:

G major (bVI) is a borrowed chord from B minor, the parallel minor of B major in this song.

Bruno Mars – When I Was Your Man – Pre-chorus

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Chord Progression

[‘Em/B’, ‘Am’, ‘Em’, ‘Bb’, ‘C/G’]

Chord Progression Analysis

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The detailed analysis of the chord progression for the pre-chorus is as follows:

1. E minor/B (‘vi6/4’): Em/B chord is the first inversion of the E minor chord (vi chord in the key of C major).

2. A minor (‘vi’): Am is a diatonic chord in the key of C major and serves as a substitute for the tonic (I).

3. E minor (‘iii’): Em is another diatonic chord in the key of C major.

4. B flat Major (‘bVII’): Bb is a borrowed chord in the key of C major, borrowed from the parallel minor (C minor).

5. C Major/G (‘I6/4’): C/G is the second inversion of the C Major chord (I chord in the key of C major).

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Similar Chord Progressions

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The progression has similarities to songs like “Imagine” by John Lennon: C (‘I’) ,Cmaj7 (‘I7’), F (‘IV’), Dm/F (‘vi6/4’), F (‘IV’), G11 (‘V11’), G7 (‘V7’) or “Let It Be” by The Beatles: C (‘I’), G (‘V’), Am (‘vi’), F (‘IV’). The ‘I – IV – vi – V’ progression is a very commonly used progression in pop music. The presence of modal interchange (the flat VII or bVII) in Mars’ song can be noticed in songs like “Creep” by Radiohead: G (‘I’), B (‘III’), C (‘IV’), Cm (‘iv’), which again shows the eclectic range of Mars’ influences.

Musical Analysis

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The pre-chorus starts with an E minor/B chord, which creates a sense of tension that resolves when it moves to A minor. The progression moves back into E minor, adding a sense of unpredictability. The B flat Major chord adds interest and surprise to the progression as it is borrowed from the parallel minor, creating a modal mixture that is often seen in pop music. The pre-chorus ends with a C Major/G chord that acts as a suspension leading into the chorus.

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Overall Analysis

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“When I Was Your Man” by Bruno Mars is in the key of C major. The song relies heavily on diatonic chords and uses a structure that is common in popular music, especially ballads. It follows conventional diatonic chord progressions and also incorporates non-diatonic chords for added tension and resolution.

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Style Analysis

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“When I Was Your Man” has a soulful, pop piano ballad vibe. The non-diatonic B flat major chord gives it a bluesy feel and provides a moment of surprise and tension. This chord is an example of modal interchange, betraying Mars’ Motown influences. The E minor chord helps set up an emotional, introspective mood, while the first inversion and second inversion chords (Em/B and C/G) offer richness and depth.

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Chords in the Pre-chorus section of When I Was Your Man by Bruno Mars are:

[‘Em/B’, ‘Am’, ‘Em’, ‘Bb’, ‘C/G’]